The Popol Vuh
Tales from 1001 Nights
One Thousand and One Nights (Arabic: كتاب ألف ليلة وليلة Kitāb alf laylat wa-laylah) is a collection of Middle Eastern and South Asian stories and folk tales compiled in Arabic during the Islamic Golden Age. It is often known in English as the Arabian Nights, from the first English language edition (1706), which rendered the title as The Arabian Nights' Entertainment.
The work as we have it was collected over many centuries by various authors, translators and scholars across the Middle East, Central Asia and North Africa.
The tales themselves trace their roots back to ancient and medieval Arabic, Persian, Indian, Turkish, Egyptian and Mesopotamian folklore and literature. In particular, many tales were originally folk stories from the Caliphate era, while others, especially the frame story, are most probably drawn from the Pahlavi Persian work Hazār Afsān (Persian: هزار افسان, lit. A Thousand Tales) which in turn relied partly on Indian elements.
 |
Atlantis the Antediluvian World by Ignatius Donnelly[1882] |
A DWELLER ON TWO PLANETS
(Otherwise named, in fulness, Yol Gorro, author of this book.)
Ragnarok
Discoveries at Nineveh
A Popular Account of Discoveries at Nineveh.
Austen Henry Layard. J. C. Derby.
New York. 1854.
MYTHS OF BABYLONIA AND ASSYRIA
With Historical Narrative & Comparative Notes.
Illustrations in Colour and Monochrome.
Cover
Frontispiece: THE TEMPTATION OF EA-BANI
From the Painting by E. Wallcousins.
Title Page
NOTICE OF ATTRIBUTION
Scanned at sacred-texts.com, November 2005. Proofed and formatted by John Bruno Hare. This text is in the public domain in the United States because it was published prior to January 1st, 1923. These files may be used for any non-commercial purpose, provided this notice of attribution is left intact in all copies.
The Bible KJV
England
Version Information.
In 1604, King James I of England authorized that a new translation of the Bible into English be started. It was finished in 1611, just 85 years after the first translation of the New Testament into English appeared (Tyndale, 1526).
The Authorized Version, or King James Version, quickly became the standard for English-speaking Protestants. Its flowing language and prose rhythm has had a profound influence on the literature of the past 300 years. The King James Version present on the Bible Gateway matches the 1987 printing.
The KJV is public domain in the United States.
Holland
Version information
The Statenvertaling (Dutch for States Translation) or Statenbijbel (Dutch for States Bible) is the first Bible translation from the original Hebrew and Greek languages to the Dutch language, ordered by the government of the Protestant Dutch Republic first published in 1637.
The first complete Dutch Bible was printed in Antwerp in 1526 by Jacob van Liesvelt.
This translation and other existing Dutch Bibles were merely translations of other translations. Furthermore, the translation from Martin Luther was widely used, but it had a Lutheran interpretation.
At the Synod of Dort in 1618/19, it was therefore deemed necessary to have a new translation, accurately based on the original languages in imitation of the King James Bible from 1611.
The synod requested the States-General of the Netherlands to commission it. In 1626 the States-General accepted the request from the Synod and the translation started. It was completed in 1635 and authorized by the States-General in 1637.
From then until 1657 half-a-million copies were printed. This translation remained authoritative in Protestant churches well into the 20th century. The source material for the Old Testament of the Statenvertaling was the Masoretic Text. The New Testament was translated from the Textus Receptus.
The Bible KJV
Old Testament
The Bible KJV
New Testament
The Book of the Dead is the modern name of an ancient Egyptian funerary text, used from the beginning of the New Kingdom (around 1550 BC) to around 50 BC.
The original Egyptian name for the text, transliterated rw nw prt m hrw is translated as "Book of Coming Forth by Day".
Another translation would be "Book of emerging forth into the Light". The text consists of a number of magic spells intended to assist a dead person's journey through the Duat, or underworld, and into the afterlife.
The Book of the Dead was part of a tradition of funerary texts which includes the earlier Pyramid Texts and Coffin Texts. Some of the spells included were drawn from these older works and date to the 3rd millennium BC. Other spells were composed later in Egyptian history, dating to the Third Intermediate Period (11th to 7th centuries BC).
Legends of the Gods
EGYPTIAN MYTH AND LEGEND
This highly readable book covers Egyptian religion, history, and culture through its entire civilization. We are accustomed to history measured in decades or centuries. Egypt requires thinking in terms of millenia. There was not one monolithic Egyptian belief system; it went through profound changes over time; this book describes this evolution in great detail. Mackenzie includes many extracts from religious texts, folk tales, and historical documents.
TUTANKHAMEN
Frontispiece
PAINTED LIMESTONE HEAD OF A QUEEN IN THE MUSEUM AT BERLIN.
It is supposed to represent Queen Nefertiti, wife of Amenhetep IV.
TO
THE MEMORY OF
GEORGE EDWARD STANHOPE MOLYNEUX HERBERT
EARL OF CARNARVON
The Wisdom of the Egyptians
OSIRIS KHENTI AMENTI, the Great God, seated in his shrine of fire. In front of Osiris is the Eye of Horus and behind him stand the Godesses ISIS and NEPHTHYS.
From the Papyrus of Hunefer in the British Museum
Ancient and Medieval Europe
Even as other parts of the World the ancient history of Europe is also still a more or less white spot in historical perspective. Historians differ in their meaning about the age of the rock paintings of Lascaux in France, the age of Stonehenge in England, the Hunebeds in Western Europe, the age of the Cro-Magnon humanoids and many other phenomena's.
The history of Europe is only partially revealed from about 2,000 BC and then only the parts situated around the Mediterranean Sea (modern Greece, Turkey and much later Italy and Spain), the history of the Northern en Western parts from before 500 BC. is still in the 21st century a "black hole" and as far as me concerns will never be fully discovered because there is no written history about this period then only some rock inscriptions in modern France and Germany.
The only thing we know so far is that Western-Europe was already inhabited for ten thousands of years before civilized communities made contact with the natives. The first written stories about Western and Northern Europe we can find in the writings of Homer, Herodotus and other early Greek writers from the 5th and 4th century BC who derived most of their stories from travellers who visited the natives of this "cold" and "dark" part of Europe.
From the time of the rise of the Roman Empire in the 1st century BC. we have some more information, left behind by Roman writers like Suetorius, Jordanes, Tacitus and others. The only written native history of a particular part of Western Europe (now modern Holland) has survived in a book called "The Oera Linda Book", the oldest part dates from about 558 BC. and was put together in 803 AD and 1,256 AD. The authenticity of this book is still a dispute by Historians. In my opinion there is evidence that at least parts of this book are authentic. I hope to come back on this subject when I have made an in-depth study of the book. You can find the text of this book on this website and it's worth reading. Last but not least there are some survived manuscripts from Celtic origin that tells the story of a part of the British Islands and parts of France (Bretagne)
When I visited Bretagne, summer 2002, I was amazed of the enormous quantity of the Dolmens, Menhirs and Hunebeds (Stone heaps possibly made as grave ?) at Carnac.
click on the images to enlarge
This kind of structures we can find all over Western Europe including The Netherlands, Germany and Great Britain. I disagree with most historians that these structures, including Stonehenge in England ware built about 4,000 - 2,000 BC (see also chapter 6, 13 and 14 of my book).
The age of the Rock paintings in the Grottos of Lascaux in France are still at present time unknown and historians differs in their meaning and dates these paintings from 40,000 BC to 5,000 BC.
The following writings, all about Ancient en Medieval Europe, you can find on this website :
The Alexiad
![Entry of the Crusaders into Jerusalem, by Eugene Delacroix [1840] (Public Domain Image)](/images/europe/crusade.jpg) |
Famous Men of the Middle Ages BY JOHN HENRY HAAREN, LL.D.District Superintendent of SchoolsThe City of New Yorkand A. B. POLAND, Ph.D. Superintendent of Schools AMERICAN BOOK COMPANY 1904 |
Scanned and proofed by Eliza Yetter, March 2007. HTML Formatting by John Bruno Hare at sacred-texts.com. This text is in the public domain in the United States because it was published prior to January 1st, 1923. These files may be used for any purpose without restriction.
FROM GODDESS TO KING
1997 Ojai, California
With thanks to Anthony Radford for his permission to publish his book
©1997 Anthony Radford, all rights reserved.
THE ORIGIN AND DEEDS OF THE GOTHS
THE MYSTERIES OF MITHRA
The Oera Linda Book
Frontpage of the Dutch translation of the Oera Linda Book (1876)
Page 45 from the Oera Linda Manuscript
PAGAN REGENERATION
The Secret History
![Freyja [Public domain image]](/images/europe/08400.jpg) |
TEUTONIC MYTH AND LEGEND by Donald A. MackenzieAn Introduction to the Eddas & Sagas, Beowulf, The Nibelungenlied, etc.[1912?] |
This is Donald Mackenzie's able retelling of the Northern mythological cycle. He weaves a coherent narrative from the Eddas, the Niebelunglied, the Volsung Saga, Beowulf, the primordial Hamlet myths, and Medieval German tales of chivalry. MacKenzie also wrote Egyptian Myth and Legend and Myths of Crete and Pre-Hellenic Europe.
Caesar's Commentaries on the Gallic and Civil Wars
Suetonius (Suet.12 Caes. Julius.56), in his biography of Julius Caesar states that the Gallic and Civil Wars were written by Caesar, and that the 8th book of the Gallic Wars was written by (Aulus) Hirtius. Suetonius also indicates that either Caesar's friend Oppius, or Hirtius likely wrote about the Alexandrian, African and Spanish wars, but that their authorship was not certain.
Anabasis
or March Up Country
THE ARGONAUTICA
Originally written in Ancient Greek sometime in the 3rd Century B.C. by the Alexandrian poet Apollonius Rhodius ("Apollonius the Rhodian").
Translation by R.C. Seaton, 1912.
The text of this edition is based on that published as "Apollonius Rhodius: Argonautica", edited and translated by R.C. Seaton (Harvard University Press, Cambridge MA, 1912)
THE ILIAD
Translation: Samuel Henry Butcher (1850-1910) and Andrew Lang (1844-1912)
THE ODYSSEY
Translation: Samuel Henry Butcher (1850-1910) and Andrew Lang (1844-1912)
THE AGE OF FABLE
MYTHS OF CRETE & PRE-HELLENIC EUROPE
Ladies of the Minoan Court From the painting by John Duncan, A.R.S.A.
The Peloponnesian War
by
(ca 450-400 BC.)
The Mahabharata
NOTICE OF ATTRIBUTION
Scanned at sacred-texts.com, 2003. Proofed at Distributed Proofing, Juliet Sutherland, Project Manager. Additional proofing and formatting at sacred-texts.com, by J. B. Hare. This text is in the public domain. These files may be used for any non-commercial purpose, provided this notice of attribution is left intact.
The Mahabharata
NOTICE OF ATTRIBUTION
Scanned at sacred-texts.com, 2003. Proofed at Distributed Proofing, Juliet Sutherland, Project Manager. Additional proofing and formatting at sacred-texts.com, by J. B. Hare. This text is in the public domain. These files may be used for any non-commercial purpose, provided this notice of attribution is left intact.
THE BIBLE, THE KORAN, AND THE TALMUD
[NEW YORK, 1863]
The Qur'an
This is a transliteration of the Arabic text of the Qur'an. Devout Muslims do not consider this a replacement for the actual Arabic text, however it is suitable for linguistic and study purposes.
ANTIQUITIES OF THE JEWS
THE LEGENDS OF THE JEWS
This is a massive collation of the Haggada--the traditions which have grown up surrounding the Biblical narrative.
These stories and bits of layered detail are scattered throughout the Talmud and the Midrash, and other sources, including oral. In the 19th century Ginzberg undertook the task of arranging the Haggada into chronological order, and this series of volumes was the result.
THE BIBLICAL ANTIQUITIES OF PHILO
The Persian Wars
Greek physician, Herodotus is known as "the Father of History". Herodotus' history is an account of the clash between Greece and the Persian Empire.
THE BOOK OF THE BEE
THE BOOK OF THE CAVE OF TREASURES
Sumerian relief in copper on wood representing Imdugud, or Imgig, the lion-headed eagle of Ningirsu, the great god of Lagash, grasping two stags by their tails. It is probable that it was originally placed over the door of the temple of Nin-khursag or Damgalnun at the head of the stairway leading on to the temple platform. This remarkable monument was made about 3100 B.C., and was discovered by Dr. H. R. Hall in 1919 at Tall al-`Ub, a sanctuary at "Ur of the Chaldees" in Lower Babylonia. It is now in the British Museum (No. 114308).
The Book of Enoch
A page of the Ethiopic text of the "Book of Enoch" (British Museum MS. Orient. No. 485, Fol. 83b) containing a description of one of Enoch's visits to heaven, and how the archangel Michael took him by the hand and showed him the mysteries of heaven.
From The Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha of the Old Testament R.H. Charles Oxford: The Clarendon Press
THE FORGOTTEN BOOKS OF EDEN
In 1995, the text was extracted from a copy of The Forgotten Books of Eden and converted to electronic form by Dennis Hawkins.
The Book of Jasher
SALT LAKE CITY: PUBLISHED BY J.H. PARRY & COMPANY 1887.
NOTE : According to some sources, this book was once the original start of the Bible. Originally translated from Hebrew in A.D. 800, "The Book of Jasher" was suppressed, then rediscovered in 1829 when it was once again suppressed. Reemerged again, in his preface Alcuin writes the reference to Jasher in 2 Samuel authenticates this book .
The root of the first book of Jasher must be written BEFORE the time of Joshua and Samuel in the Bible because both books refers to the book of Jasher.
"Is not this written in the Book of Jasher?"--Joshua, 10,13.
"Behold it is written in the Book of Jasher."--II. Samuel, 1,18
The Book of Jubilees
by R.H. Charles, Oxford: Clarendon Press,
1913.
Scanned and Edited by Joshua Williams, Northwest Nazarene College.
A page of the Ethiopic version of the apocryphal work known to ecclesiastical writers as the "Lesser Genesis," and the "Apocalypse of Moses" (British Museum MS. Orient. No. 485, Fol. 83b). Because each of the periods of time described in the book contains forty-nine to fifty years, the Ethiopians called it MAZHAFA K i.e. the "Book of Jubilees." The passage here reproducted describes the tale of Joseph in the 17th year of his age, his going down to Egypt, and his life in that country.
THE 'BOOK OF THE GLORY OF KINGS'
(KEBRA NAGAST)
THE BOOK OF ABRAHAM
The Writings of Abraham
from the papyri found in Egypt 1831
The Life of the Ceasars
Suetonius (Caius Suetonius Tranquillus), c. A.D. 69 c. A.D.140, Roman biographer. Little is known about his life except that he was briefly the private secretary of Emperor Hadrian.
His De vita Caesarum [concerning the lives of the Caesars] survives almost in full; it was translated into English by Robert Graves as The Twelve Caesars (1957).
![The Remorse of Nero After the Murdering of his Mother. Artist: John William Waterhouse [1878] (Public Domain Image)](/images/rome/nerorem.jpg)
Cities in Ancient Sumer
Clay Tablets in Cuneiforn language
The term "cuneiform" is very deceptive, in that it tricks people into thinking that it's some type of writing system.
The truth is that cuneiform denotes not one but several kinds of writing systems, including logosyllabic, syllabic, and alphabetic scripts.
Many languages, including Semitic, Indo-European, and isolates, are written in cuneiform, as the following list shows:
Sumerian
Eastern Semitic, including Akkadian, Assyrian, and Babylonian
Elamite Eblaite Hittite Hurrian Utartian Ugaritic, in fact an alphabetic system unrelated to other cuneiform scripts except in outward appearance.
Old Persian, a mostly syllabic system with a few logograms.
The Precursors of Cuneiform The earliest examples of Mesopotamian script date from approximately the end of the 4th millenium BCE, coinciding in time and in geography with the rise of urban centers such as Uruk, Nippur, Susa, and Ur.
These early records are used almost exclusively for accounting and record keeping. However, these cuneiform records are really descendents of another counting system that had been used for five thousand years before. Clay tokens have been used since as early as 8000 BCE in Mesopotamia for some form of record-keeping.
Clay tokens are basically three dimension geometric shapes. There are two types of clay tokens, plain and complex. The plain tokens are the oldest ones, found as far back as 8000 BCE, in a very wide area, including modern places like Turkey, Syria, Israel, Jordan, Iraq, and Iran, at settlements of all sizes. They are plain, unadorned geometric shapes like spheres, disks, cones, tetrahedrons, and cylinders. In contrast, complex tokens are decorated with markings, and appeared only during the 4th millenium BCE in large settlements in southern Mesopotamia.
SUMERIAN MYTHOLOGY
REVISED EDITION
University of Pennsylvania Press Philadelphia [1944, revised 1961]
Scanned at sacred-texts.com, October 2004. John Bruno Hare, redactor. This text is in the public domain in the US because it was not renewed in a timely fashion at the US Copyright Office as required by law at the time. These files can be used for any non-commercial purpose, provided this notice of attribution is left intact.
The Book of Earths
This is a compendium of theories of the shape of the Earth, along with a great deal of 'Earth Mystery' lore. Richly illustrated, the Book of Earths includes many unusual theories, including Columbus' idea that the Earth is literally pear-shaped, modern theories that the Earth was originally tetrahedral, and so on. Kenton also covers many traditional theories including the ancient Babylonians and Egyptians, Hindu and Buddhist cosmology, and those of the Peruvians, Aztecs and Mongols.
COMPENDIUM OF WORLD HISTORY
Note : I have published this book for educational purposes only. This publication will be removed on first request of the rightful owner's of the copyright. L.C.Geerts, earth-history.com
THE LOST LEMURIA
|
Click to enlarge) |
The Syrian Goddess De Dea Syria, by Lucian of Samosataby Herbert A. Strong and John Garstang[1913] |
THE SACRED THEORY OF THE EARTH
Thomas Burnet, born 1635 deceased 1715
NOTICE OF ATTRIBUTION
Scanned at sacred-texts.com, July 2005. Proofed and formatted by John Bruno Hare. This text is in the public domain worldwide. These files may be used for any non-commercial purpose provided this notice of attribution accompanies all copies.
Click to enlarge
Frontispiece
Click to enlarge
Title Page
