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Volume 2 Chapter 12

COMPENDIUM OF WORLD HISTORY

VOLUME 2

A Dissertation Presented to The Faculty of the Ambassador College Graduate School of Education In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy

by Herman L. Hoeh

1963 1966, 1969 Edition

CHAPTER XII

TROJAN MIGRATION TO FRANCE

After Troy fell, in 1181, the populace in the conquered regions fled from the Greeks to various parts of Europe. One of these groups was led by Aeneas and finally reached Italy. But, there were other groups who left Troy after the First Trojan War.

Another group of Trojan refugees was led by Francio the son of the ill-fated Hector, and heir to the line of Samothes in Gaul. These fled to the northern shore of the Black Sea, then returned to Isauria in Asia Minor, from where they migrated to Pannonia and then on to Western Europe. From these Trojans is descended the house of the Dukes of Brabant (an old province embracing parts of modern Belgium and the Netherlands). From this Assyro-Judaic family came Charlemagne, the first emperor of the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation.

A complete list of these Trojan rulers, from Hector down to Charlemagne, is found in the work by Jhr. C. A. Rethaan Macarentitled 'Oude Kronijk van Brabant', in the 'Codex Diplomaticus Neerlandicus,' series 2, part 3, published by Het Historisch Genootschap te Utrecht, Utrecht, Holland in 1855.

The chronology starts with 1181 and continues right down the line without complications till Silvius Brabon II, who begins to reign in 732. The beginning and end of each reign is synchronized with contemporary Biblical history, which, incidentally, is presented in its correct chronology down to a period long after the dividing of the monarchy.

Between Silvius Brabon II and Troylus II (370-331) complications are introduced. The author will state a certain figure for the length of the reign, yet this will completely disagree with the length of reign obtained through his cross references to contemporary Roman history. Silvius Brabon II, for example, is stated to have reigned 60 years. Yet, the cross references of the beginning and end of his reign in terms of Roman history show that he reigned only 32 years. The difficulty is readily overcome when we realize that the Trojan rulers of this period shared the throne jointly with either a successor or a predecessor. The author preserved the correct lengths of individual reigns only in the cross references to contemporary Roman history.

Charlemagne, too, it must be remembered, ruled jointly with his brother.

The recording of joint reigns ceases after Troylus II and the chronology again becomes uniform. Troylus II ruled jointly with his successor, Priamus VI. It will be noticed, below, that even in the figures for his sole reign, the last year overlaps with the first year of his successor. This is stated in the author's cross references to contemporary Roman and Greek history.

Under the Princes and Dukes of Brabant there are two short interregnums which become apparent from the chronology, one in A.D. 456-459 and the other in A.D. 714-715. We must remember that this is the story of Brabant though the individuals concerned had other dominions and offices as well. Charlemagne, for example, was a Duke of Brabant, but he was also King of the Franks and Holy Roman Emperor at the same time. The short interregnums therefore mean nothing more than that the title to the dukedom was vacant for that period of time. The ruler himself was usually alive, but simply did not claim the dukedom.

This is only a matter of internal politics and does not affect the chronology of the history as a whole.

TROJANS KINGS OF ISAURIA

Kings	Length of Reign	Dates
1. Francio, son of Hector, flees from Troy with his brother Turcus to Maeotis, where they rule 21 years. From there they migrate to Isauria, where Francio drives out his brother Turcus and reigns 10 years.	21 10	1181-1160 1160-1150
2. Hector II, marries daughter of king of Cilicia.	31	1150-1119
3. Troylus	56	1119-1063
4. Francio II, whose brother -- Priam led a migration of Trojans from Isauria to Pannonia, where they remained till expelled by Gratian.

TROJAN KINGS OF SICAMBRIA AND PANNONIA

Kings	Length of Reign	Dates
1. Priamus II, son of Francio II, commences his reign on the Danube in the 118th year after the fall of Troy, builds city Sycambria.	27	1063-1036
2. Eneas, marries his aunt, the daughter of Francio II of Isauria.	57	1036- 979
3. Priamus III, had a Scythian wife.	14	979- 965
4. Silvius Brabon, had six sons. Wandalus settled among the Vandals, Polex gave his name to Poland, Russo went into Russia, Himus migrated to Maeotis, Frixius went to Frisia, and Brabon Silvius inherited his father's throne.	49	965- 916
5. Brabon Silvius I	35	916- 881
6. Hector III, in whose days six Sicambrian heroes or rulers, led by one Yber, migrated overland from Sicambria to France with about 4000 men. They built a city and called it Paris, after the son of Priam. Themselves they called Parisii.	34	881- 847
7. Francio Brabon, had a son Troylus and a daughter Ylia. She became, according to the author, the mother of Romulus and Remus.	76	847- 771
8. Troylus I	32	771- 739
9. Brabon II	7	739- 732
10. Silvius Brabon II	32	732- 700
11. Hector Brabon, had two sons, Demophon and Palamides. Demophon went to Rome where he married the daughter of Ancus Marcius and had by her a son called Tarquinus, who became king of Rome.	37	700- 663
12. Palamides, had three sons, Deyphebus, Parriis and Brabon. Deyphebus went to Dacia, Parriis to some islands in the Pontus.	52	663- 611
13. Brabon III, had two sons,Priam and Dyomedeus. The latter went to Africa and built there a mighty city.	57	611- 554
14. Priamus IV	32	554- 522
15. Philymeus,had three sons, Priam, Archadius and Macedo. From Macedo came the Macedonii, Archadius migrated to Arcadia in Greece and became the first duke of that land. Julius Caesar is descended from him.	30	552- 522
16. Priamus V	20	522- 502
17. Brabon IV	50	502- 452
18. Laomedon	24	452- 428
19. Pelius, had two sons, Troylus and joint Hybertius.The latter sailed with his followers to Hybernia (Ireland).	58	428- 370
20. Troylus II	39	370- 331
21. Priamus VI	7	332- 325
22. Francio III	9	325- 316
23. Brabon V	4	316- 312
24. Silvius Brabon III	21	312- 291
25. Brabon Troylus VI	33	291- 258
26. Brabon VII	22	258- 236
27. Brabon VIII	16	236- 220
28. Priamus VII	28	220- 192
29. Hector IV	31	192- 161
30. Brabon IX	4	161- 157
31. Priamus VIII	19	157- 138
32. Francio IV, had 14 sons and 7 daughters. With him the account of the kings of Sycambria and Pannonia ceases, although the line continued to reign till the time of Gratian.	20	138- 118

'Brabon junior,' the youngest son of Francio IV. He entered the services of his relative the duke of Arcadia in Greece, and was rewarded for his distinguished service with a wife of noble birth. Ten years after the death of his father, his wife gave birth to a son who was named Brabon Silvius. At the same time Julius Caesar was born to the duke of Arcadia.

'Brabon Silvius' accompanied Julius Caesar in the Roman conquest of Gaul. Julius Caesar conquered the kingdom of Agrippina (Cologne), killed the king, and sent the king's sister Silvana to his father the duke of Arcadia.

At that time there stayed with the duke of Arcadia a man named 'Karolus.' His father, also called Karolus, was a powerful figure and leader of a military division at Nijmegen. He was born of the old Trojan line, being the son of a certain Pharamunt who had 14 sons. This must be none other than Francio IV (138-118).

'Karolus,' the son of Karolus, received a bad reputation because of his licentious life. So his father sent him away from home to the duke of Arcadia. Here, according to the Chronicle, he married the duke's daughter 'Zwana,' who, upon their return to the Low Countries, gave birth to a son called 'Octavianus'. This Octavianus later became Roman Emperor Augustus.

Karolus junior also had two daughters, Octaviana and Zwana. Zwana was given by her uncle Julius Caesar in marriage to Brabon Silvius.

After the death of Karolus, Julius Caesar adopted Octavianus. The kingdom of Agrippina he gave to Brabon Silvius.

KINGS OF AGRIPPINA

King	Length of Reign	Dates
1. Brabon Silvius
2. Karolus I	91	53 BC- 39 AD.
3. Karolus II	41	39- 80
4. Karolus III	65	80- 145
5. Karolus IV	10	145- 155
6. Karolus V	105	155- 260
7. Karolus VI	3	260- 263
8. Karolus VII, conquered Sweden, Norway, Denmark and Ireland.	62	263- 325
9. Brabon	41	325- 366
10. Karolus VIII	12	366- 378
11. Angisus, during whose reign, in 378 A.D., Gratian drove the Sycambri from Pannonia. They came to the lower Rhine under their leader Priamus. Angisus fought Gratian, but lost 30,000 men and was captured. He spent seven years as a captive of the Romans, being finally liberated by Theodosius upon the latter's accession to the throne. Maximus, a rival emperor, devastated parts of northern Gaul, and then gave these to Brabon, the six-year- old eldest son of Angisus. This Brabon thus became the first prince of Brabant, and his position was subsequently recognized by Emperor Theodosius. Angisus had another son, Karolus, who succeeded him in the kingdom.
12. Karolus IX was succeeded by two other kings who are not named. The last was driven out by Franks, who took over the kingdom of Agrippina and made it part of the Frankish realm.

PRINCES OF BRABANT

Ruler	Length of Reign	Dates
1. Brabon I, was made prince of Brabant in the seventh year of his life. He reigned for 32 years after the death of his father. In his days Clodius, king of the Franks, destroyed the kingdoms of Agrippina and Thuringia, and annexed Brabant. Brabon and his descendants became loyal servants of the Frankish kings. (456- 459)	32	424- 456
2. Brabon II	60	459- 519
3. Brabon III	51	519- 570
4. Karolomannus, the lastprince. After his death Brabant became a dukedom.	45	570- 615

DUKES OF BRABANT

Ruler	Length of Reign	Dates
1. Pippinus of Landen, ruled three years jointly or with his father, becomes mayor of the palace to the Frankish king.	32	615- 647
2. Grimoaldus, son of Pepin.	13	647- 660
3. Angisus, husband of Begga, daughter of Pepin. This Angisus was son of Arnulph, Bishop of Metz, who was the son of Arnold, the son of Anselbert. Anselbert was married to Blitilda, daughter of Lothair I (Clothair), king of Austrasia and Neustria.	25	660- 685
4. Pippinus II, of Heristal.	29	685- 714 (714- 715)
5. Karolus Mertellus	26	715- 741
6. Karolomanus, renounced his dukedom,entered a monastery in 6th year of reign.	6	741- 747
7. Pippinus III 'the Short,' son of Karolus Mertellus. By the time Pippinus III came to power, his inheritance included not only Brabant, but also Austrasia, Thuringia, Burgundy, Neustria and proofnce. In 752 he was elected King of the Franks, and reigned till his death in 768.	21	747- 768
8. Karolomannus, son of Pippinus, ruled jointly with his brother Karolus Magnus.	3	768- 771
9. Karolus Magnus, assumed sole rule joint (46) (768- 814) after his brother's death, became Roman Emperor in 800.	43	771- 814

KINGS OF FRISIA

In 321 B.C. a line of princes migrated via India to the area of northern Holland and northwestern Germany under their leader Friso.

Friso descended from Ragan or Reu (Gen. 11:19) according to 'La Grande Chronique ... de Hollande, Zelande' etc., p. 28. Friso was an adventurer in the service of Alexander the Great. After being released from service, he came with a group of settlers from the river Indus to Europe. There he gained power (313) over the local counts by means of intrigue. A descendant, Friso, became king in 287, commencing a secondary line of rulers.

Name of King	Length of Reign	Dates
Friso I	68	313- 245
Adel I	(94)	245- 151
Ubbo	(80)	151- 71
Asinga Ascon or 'Black Adel'	(81)	71 BC- 11 AD.
Diocarus Segon, joint during imprisonment of his cousin by Duke of Brabant.	(35)	A.D. 11- 46
Dibbaldus Segon	(39)	46- 85
Tabbo	(45)	85- 130

DUKES OF FRISIA

Ruler	Length of Reign	Dates
1. Asconius	43	130- 173
2. Adelboldus	14	173- 187
3. Titus Boiocalus	53	187- 240
4. Ubbo	59	240- 299
5. Haron Ubbo	36	299- 335
6. Odilbaldus	25	335- 360
7. Udolphus Haron	32	360- 392

After this Frisia again becomes a kingdom.

SECOND GROUP OF KINGS OF FRISIA

Name of King	Length of Reign	Dates
1. Richardus Uffo	43	392- 435
2. Odilbaldus	35	435- 470
3. Richoldus	63	470- 533
4. Beroaldus	57	533- 590
5. Adgillus I	82	590- 672
6. Radbodus I	51	672- 723
7. Adgillus II	14	723- 737
8. Gondobaldus	12	737- 749
9. Radbodus II	26	749- 775

Frisia, which had already been conquered by the Franks, was made an integral part of the Frankish realm in 775 by Charlemagne. From that time on it was ruled by dukes appointed by the Franks. King lists are derived from 'Hamconius' and 'Oera Linda Boek.'

TROJAN KINGS OF THE BELGIANS

While the descendants of Hector fled Troy and migrated to France, Bavo led another group into Western Europe. This is the little known story of the royal family that governed the Celts and the Belgians on the Continent.

Archaeologists have found a vast cultural complex on the Rhine River and its tributaries. The almost unknown account of this area is preserved to us by Jacques de Guyse in his 'Histore de Hainaut,' a French translation of his original Latin work of the thirteenth century. (Hainaut is an ancient division of Belgium.)

Archaeologists, of course, admit that the Belgian people came from the steppes of Eastern Europe. But just who the people of Belgium, Holland, Frisia, Luxembourg and Northern France are, archaeology has no answer. Yet we do not have to remain in ignorance. History has the answer -- if scholars only had the wit to see. But as with so many records, historians have rejected what they do not want to believe.

They have carefully hidden the Jewish-Trojan origin of the royal houses of Western Europe.

The Belgian line commences with Bavo, the son of a sister of Laomedon, king of Troy. Bavo was therefore a cousin of King Priam.

Following the fall of Troy a migration into Europe occurred along the Danube. It reached the Rhine by 1179. Bavo, reported Jacques de Guyse, 'encountered with pleasure the descendants of the Assyrians who have followed Trebeta, and who had been compatriots of the Trojans and served the same deities' ('Table Generale de l'Histoire de Hainaut,' II, page 388).

Here, in outline form, is Jacques de Guyse's account of the Belgian rulers after the fall of Troy in 1181. Only the most important details are included from the copious annals of Hainaut.

Priest-kings of the Belgians	Length of Reign	Dates
Bavo	13	1179-1166
Bavo the Belgian (Belginius)	44	1166-1122
Bavo the Lion (Leonius)	20	1122-1102
Bavo the Wolf (Lupinus)	50	1102-1052
Bavo Brunus	35	1052-1017
Brunehuldis	67	1017- 950
Bruno	36	950- 914
Aganippus I	29	914- 885
Aganippus II, husband of the British Queen Cordelia.	50	885- 835
Audengerius	39	835- 796
Herisbrandus	20	796- 776

With Herisbrand ended the rule of the priest-kings over the Belgians. Political upheaval forced a change in form of government and brought a strong-willed, able warrior to the royal estate. In 776 -- the year of the first Olympiad in Greece -- Ursus, whose name means 'bearlike,' obtained the throne and organized much of continental Western Europe under his power. The Annals of Hainaut give the following account of the kings of Belgium from 776-470.

King	Length of Reign	Dates
Ursus	34	776- 742
Ursa, daughter of Ursus	1,5	742- 741
Gurguncius (Gurgust in British history).	28	741- 713
Sisillius (was made ruler over the Belgians while his father governed the Britons).	10	713- 703
Friscembaldus I	31	703- 672
Friscembaldus II	32	672- 640
Waringerus	15	640- 625
Leonius	10	625- 615
Leopardus I	5	615- 610
Leopardus II	30	610- 580
Leopardinus. A political struggle for two years left the Belgians without a king.	32	580- 548
Camber	20	546- 526
Melbrandus	15	526- 511
Blanduinus	6	511- 505
Suardus	15	505- 490
Leo	7	490- 483
Walacrinus	13	483- 470

There followed a number of dukes, annually elected, none of whose names have come down in history. The last, Missenus, whose son came to the throne in 386, is the only one whose name has been preserved. The actual duration of power of the dukes over the provinces of Belgium is traditionally given as 104 years -- evidently from 490 to 386. It therefore appears that they came into prominence with the death of Suardus. The new line of kings which existed until the Roman victory in 52 is as follows:

King	Length of Reign	Dates
Leo I	60	386- 326
Leo II	56	326- 270
Leo III	76	270- 194
Leo IV	96	194- 98
Leo V	20	98- 78
Goomerus	8	78- 70
Taynardus	14	70- 56
Usarius, slain by the Romans in Caesar's campaign of 52.	4	56- 52
Andromadas	0,5	52
Rome crushed all Gaul and Belgium in 52.

KINGS OF THE CELTS IN GAUL

During the period that the priest-kings of the line of Bavo ruled over the Belglans, the Celts in Europe were being governed by another line. This line of kings sprang from Francus, scion of the House of Troy, and last king of the Britons before the coming of Brutus.

Francus, according to the historian Freculphe (see Vol. 19 of 'Histoire de Hainaut,' sec. cclxvii), began a line of kings that ultimately ruled in Gaul. He originally turned over the government of Britain to the Druids (until the time of Brutus). He supported the Trojans against the Greeks. After the Greek victory, he continued to govern the remnants of the Celts along the lower reaches of the Danube basin. An outline of these little-known kings of the Celts is given below.

Kings of the Celts	Length of Reign	Dates
Francus, his reign in British records extends over another 20 years of Druidic rule before the coming of Brutus in 1149.	47	1216-1169
Sicamber	51	1169-1118
Priam II	23	1118-1095
Hector. Hector had three sons: Brabon, Polidamus and Troilus. The last named succeeded him.	28	1095-1067
Troilus	22	1067-1045
Trogotus. Trogotus led a migration near the beginning of his reign from Pannonia and Hungary into Gaul. Observe how this record accords with the known migrations about 1040 to Denmark and Scotland and Sweden. (The length of reign of Trogotus is missing, but may with great probability be reconstructed as above. The possible proof will be noted later.	(76)	(1045- 969)
Tongres	34	969- 935
Teuto	32	935- 903
Agrippa	28	903- 875
Ambrio	33	875- 842
Thuringus	34	842- 808
Camber	32	808- 776

The length of reign of Trogotus given above is indicated by the following. The only known Agrippa in the history of Western Europe at this period of history is the Trojan king of Alba in Italy. Not uncommonly have the kings of Italy and Alba ruled Celtica in Gaul.

Jasius did in 1601-1551. A later Silvius came to the British throne (see Vol. I of 'Compendium' on British history). This Agrippa could hardly be other than the Agrippa of Italy. Though sometimes assigned 41 years, Eusebius assigns him 40 years in Alba -- 915-875. If Eusebius' figure is used, the 28-year reign of Agrippa over the Celts may be dated 903-875. Then the reign of Camber would be 808-776. It makes sense. Camber reigned until the very year (776) that Ursus began his rule in Belgium. When Ursus came to power he demanded allegiance of both Celts and Germans.

From this restoration it becomes clear that whoever controlled the ancient city Trier (which was then part of Belgium) was in a favorable position to dominate over the Celts of Gaul. A similar situation occurred over 1500 years later when Charlemagne ruled all Western Europe from Aachen, a city near Trier.

September 25, 2011
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Published in Compendium of World History
Written by LC Geerts

Volume 2 Chapter 11

COMPENDIUM OF WORLD HISTORY

VOLUME 2

A Dissertation Presented to The Faculty of the Ambassador College Graduate School of Education In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy

by Herman L. Hoeh

1963 1966, 1969 Edition

CHAPTER XI

ANCIENT PERSIA AND TURKESTAN

One thousand years of Persian history is missing from today's history textbooks. Most writers begin their account of Persia about the time of Cyrus the Great. A few archaeological notes usually precede the story. But the real history of Persia (or Iran) for a thousand years before Cyrus has been deliberately removed from history books.

EARLY KINGS OF PERSIA

Persia, the modern Iran, like most other nations, has preserved its history from early times. Traditions and legends have no doubt been added along the way. But the main framework and sequence of events is so clearly preserved that no doubt about the facts need exist.

Of course there is a reason why early Persian history is rejected.

It includes several Biblical heroes! That alone, in the eyes of modern interpreters of history, is enough to condemn any record.

Early Persian history has been preserved not only by Persian and Arabic writers, but in a few rare translations into modern languages.

Perhaps the most complete is Shea's 'Early Kings of Persia.' A less complete account may be recovered from D'Herbelot's 'Bibliotheque Orientale.' More complete is the analysis in 'Universal History,' Vol. V.

Before recounting in brief the history of Persia, it would be well to compare, below, the table of rulers from Mirkhond, the Persian historian, with that of other oriental authors. One is immediately aware of figures that at first glance seem preposterous. But each one has significant meaning. They are not all lengths of reign -- several are based on time lapses since the beginning of important eras. Without these long figures, it would not be possible to restore Persian history.

Table of Persian Rulers

Dynasty or Pishdadians or Judges	From Mirkhond	From Other Oriental Authors
1. Kajomaras or Cajoumaras	40	560
2. Siamek, a son, slain after very brief reign. Kajomaras resumes kingdom An interregnum.	-- -- --	-- 30 200
3. Hushang	50	50
4. Tamurash, said to be grandson of Hushang	30	--
5. Giemshid or Giamschid, descendant of Kajomaras	30	30
6. Dahak or Zahak (Zoak), an Arab	--	1000
7. Aphridun, or Feridoun, sonof Giemshid	--	120
8. Manugjahr or Manougeher surnamed Phirouz; son of Irege, son of Feridoun	120	500
9. Nodar or Nudar, a son	7	7
10. Apherasiab or Afrasiab, descendant of Tur, the son of Feridoun	12	12
11. Zaab, Zab, Zoub, or Bazab, heir of the house of Kajomaras	--	30
12. Gustasp, or Kischtasp,son of Zaab	--	30 or 20

Dynasty of Kaianites

Dynasty or Pishdadians or Judges	From Mirkhond	From Other Oriental Authors
1. Kaikobad	100	120
2. Kaikaus	150	150
3. Kaikhosru or Kaihosru	60	60
4. Lohrasp or Lohorasb	120	120
5. Gushtasp, Gustasp or Kishtasp, son of Lohrasp	120	120
6 Ardshir, surnamed Bahaman,grandson of Gustasp	112	112
7. Queen Homai	32	32
8. Darab I (Persian spellingof Darius)	4	14
9. Darab II After him came Iscander Ben Filoukous -- Alexander the son of Philip.	14	--

The time element at the close of this list is clear. The days of Alexander the Great have been reached. Darab II is Persian king Darius III Codomannus. He was slain in 330, after Alexander overthrew his empire. But most of the preceding names in the table of kings are not those found in history books. The answer is that Persia's last king was not a direct descendant of the great Persian kings of history. This table of Persian royal names is an account of another branch of royalty -- the family of Darius Codomannus.

Once we know the date of Darab II -- his reign ends in 330 -- it is possible to restore the whole list, if we just take the figures exactly as they are. The following chart is the restoration of the

Dynasty of the Kaianites -- combining both Mirkhond and other oriental writers.

THE SECOND RACE

The Second Race, Dynasty of the Kaianites	Lengths of Time	Dates
l. Kaikobad He reigned 20 years with a predecessor.	100 (or 120)	1042-942 (1062-942)
2. Kaikaus, grandson of Kaikobad The 150 years represent the duration of time since the death of his grandfather.	150	942-792
3. Kaikhosru, grandson ofKaikaus He died without male heir.	60	792-732
4. Lohorasp, a near relative of Kaikhosru Note that the year of his death is 612 -- the date of the fall of Nineveh. Lohorasp was an ally of Assyria. He joined with the Assyrians in their conquest of the Jews in Palestine in the days of king Manasseh. He perished in 612 in a revolt which carried Persia from the Assyrian camp to that of the Medes and Babylonians.	120	732-612
5. Gustasp, called Hystaspes in Greek literature. Nearly 30 years after he came to power in a revolt against his father, Gustasp was involved in a war with the inhabitants of Turkestan and Scythia. This is the struggle which occurred in 584 between Media and Scythia (see Vol. I of the Compendium). The long reigns assigned to this family may reflect the practice of choosing the youngest heir. In several instances a grandson is the successor. Or the figures may represent reckoning by eras and may not distinguish the separate reigns of father and son, who may also have had the same throne names.	120	612-492
6. Ardshir Bahaman, surnamed Dirazdest -- the longhanded. He is the Artaxerxes Longimanus of history. Here again the assigned length extends beyond the life of the king, and is in fact the practice of reckoning in eras.	112	492-380
7. Queen Homai daughter of Ardshir according to most Persian authors.	32	380-348
8. Darab I, her son, say the eastern traditions, by her own father. The date 358 is that of Artaxerxes III Ochus of history texts.	4 (or 14)	348-344 (358-344)
9. Darab II, slain in 330	14	344-330

THE FIRST RACE

Persian historians commonly refer to the early judges and kings of their land as the 'first race' and the 'second race.' The second has just been restored. The first is now possible to date. Its last king or Judge, Gustasp, ended his reign in 1042, at which time he was succeeded by Kaikobad of the 'second race.' With 1042 as ending date, the reign of Kajomaras would begin in 1741. Observe how all these figures fit as pieces of a puzzle.

The First Race of Persian Rulers	Lengths of Time	Dates
1. Kajomaras, a descendant of Aram What occurred in 2261? What era does this mark? It is 108 years after the flood. Now check Italian history. There we notice that 2261 is the date when Noah began to send out colonies to inhabit new areas of the world. This separation of the land to various families and races is what Nimrod rebelled against. So Persian history confirms what has already been established from ancient Italian records preserved among the Etruscans. Note that 1741 marks the end of the sole reign of Senwosre III or Sesostris, the great Egyptian conqueror of the Near East -- including Persia.	40 (560)	1741-1701 (2261-1701)
2. Siamek Shortly after ascending the throne he was slain (1701). Kajomaras returns to power After Kajomaras no supreme rulers in Persia are recorded for a space of 200 years -- 1671-1471. This period of Interregnum has an important bearing on the history of the Tatars. And also on Assyria (see Vol. I of Compendium).	30	1701-1671
3. Hushang, surnamed Pishdud (meaning judge). Hushang began the Dynasty of judge- kings -- the Pishdadians, Who was this man? His Persian name -- Hushang -- would be Husham in Hebrew. Is there in the Biblical record a Husham living about the time of Moses and Joshua? Indeed there is! Turn to the record in Genesis 36:31 and 34: 'And these are the kings that reigned in the land of Edom, before there reigned any king over the children of Israel of Temani reigned ....' This Husham or Hushang, famous in the Biblical record, is the Temanite king who ruled over the children of Esau or Edom. His native land was in Persia -- proving how early certain of the children of Esau were moving out of the land of Edom by the Red Sea into the land of Persia and Turkestan, Husham was king over the widely scattered tribes of Edom. He was the great ruler who ordered Moses not to cross his territory in the year 1448-1447. But Husham's is not the only name that will appear in Persian history from this list in Genesis 36.	50	1471-142I
4. Tahmurash	30	1421-1391
5. Giemshid	30	1391-1361
6. Dahak, a famous man out of Arabia who came to power in the last years of Giemshid. He drove the latter into exile, hunted him down when he discovered Giemshid had a son, and finally slew him. What do the 1000 years represent? There is only one possible explanation. He came to the Persian throne 1000 years after the Flood -- 2369-1369. In 1369 he drove Giemshid from the throne. The time of Dahak's power in Persia is therefore 8 years -- 1369-1361. In 1361 a son of Giemshid, now three years old, came to the throne with the death of Dahak.
7. Alphidun The new king lived 123 years. He married the daughter of Dahak. He divided his realm between his sons. To Tur he gave Turkestan. To Irege, son of a Persian woman, the realm of Persia was assigned. From Tur the Temanite inhabitants of Turkestan took the name Turan or Turk. In the family quarrels which followed, all the sons of Alphidun were slain, and the kingship passed to Manougeher, son of Irege.	120	1361-1241
8. Manougeher, surnamed Phirouz From him the people of Iran called Persians. Phirouz is the Perses of Greek tradition who lived at the time of the war with Troy! But what of the figure 500? Answer: Manougeher came to power in 1241, exactly 500 years after Kajomaras came to the royal estate -- 1741-1241	120	1241-1121
9. Nodar	7	1121-1114
10. Apherasiab He was a great Khan of Turkestan, a descendant of Tur, and joined Persia with Tartary. Constant rebellion led at length to the establishment of a descendant of Kajomaras on the Persian throne.	12	1114-1102
11. Zaab or Bazab Who was this Zaab? Turn to Genesis 36:39. Hadar, king of Edom, married 'Mehetabel, the daughter of Matred, the daughter of Me-zahab' ('Jewish Publ. Soc.'). (Mezahab is the KJV spelling.) Bazab is but an altered and shortened spelling of the Hebrew Me-zahab (the letters 'b' and 'm' being easily interchangeable in Indo European tongues -- cf. Emher for Eber in Irish). Hadar is the last king in Edom who began to reign before Saul. The chronology of Persia is in perfect harmony with the Biblical account. Here again is proof that the Bible is the foundation of knowledge. Without the list of rulers of Edom in Genesis 36, it would not be possible to understand fully who the early rulers of Persia were.	30	1102-1072
12. Gustasp or Kischtasp The 20 years of certain oriental writers is the duration of the joint reign with Kaikobad. Persian historians declare that Kishtasp was the son of a Jewess of the tribe of Benjamin. This was the very time of the dominance of Benjamin in Israel -- and especially the family of Kish, the father of Saul. The reign of Gustasp was put to an end by struggles with Apherasiab of Turkestan. In this time of national struggle, an heir of the line of Nodar and Zaabestablished Persian independence from the Turks and founded the Dynasty of the Kaianites or the 'second race' of Persian historians.	30 (or 20)	1072-1042 (1062-1042)

And that restores the amazing 1000 years of missing Persian history.

TURKESTAN, TURKS AND MONGOLS

In the vast stretches north of Persia live a medley of peoples.

Mongols, Tatars, Turks, Turkomen, and Persians, among many others. The history of this area is intimately connected with ancient Persia. The nomadic tribes inhabiting the region have not preserved any chronological framework of their past history, but their line of great Khans has sufficient parallels that the main events of Turkestan or Eastern Scythia may be ascertained.

The Bible labels this vast area the land of Gog (see Ezekiel 38). Gog was a descendant of Japheth. The western half of these vast reaches belongs today to the Soviet Union. The eastern part is Mongolia and a part of China (Sinkiang Province). The whole area is called Turkestan by geographers.

The word Turk has in the Turkic or Mongolian languages the meaning of 'strong warrior.' The Mongoloid Turkic people trace their ancestry back to Turk, the adopted son of Japheth. (The Mongoloid Turks are to be distinguished from the Caucasian Osmanli Turks of modern Turkey -- the sons of Teman who acquired the name Turk from living in that geographic area.) The son of Turk in Tatar history was Taunak Khan.

(Khan means ruler.) He was, at least in part, an earlier contemporary of Kajomaras of Persia. Taunak is affirmed to have lived 240 years, according to Abu'l Ghazi Bahadur Khan's 'Genealogical History of the Tatars,' published in 1730 in London. This is well within the ages listed in Genesis for the patriarchs immediately after the Flood.

Taunak was succeeded in order by Jelza Khan, Dibbakui Khan and Kajuk Khan -- the latter two having long reigns. The son of Kajuk was Alanza Khan or Ilingeh Khan. His was a period of growing prosperity and luxury. He was the father of Tatar Khan, from whom the Tatars trace their name, and of Mogul Khan, from whom the Moguls or Mongols trace their name.

The son of Mogul Khan was Kara Khan. In his day there was a rapid spread of idolatry, declare the Mohammedan Tatar historians. Hushang of Persia was ruler in Persia.

OGUS KHAN

In the days of Kara Khan, after the Exodus of Israel out of Egypt, his son Oguz or Ogus Khan revolted against the idolatry of his father (see the 'Universal History', Vol. XX). Later, Ogus, after 72 years of war, created a vast Mongol Empire. He subjected Cathay (part of China), Tashkent, Samarkand and all Turkestan, Kashmir, part of Armenia and Iran. Iran at this time was without unified leadership during the reign of Giemshid (1391-1361). Oguz Khan carried his conquests (Diodorus of Sicily II, 43) to Egypt. Interestingly, this is the time of the Hyksos rule in Egypt. And one of the Hyksos rulers had the name of Khayan or Khan. This king could be none other than Oguz Khan. His 116 year reign from Tatar history is therefore 1392-1276.

Ogus Khan was succeeded by Kiun Khan (1276-1206). His name means the 'sun'. The history of Persia indicated that hereafter the kings of Persia dominated the accessible steppes of Turkestan. This would be the time of Alphidun, who set his son Tur over Turkestan. He was followed by Apherasiab. In order there followed Juldus Khan, Mengli Khan, Tengis Khan and Il Khan. In the days of Il Khan (in the 600's B.C.) the Tatars warred against the Mongols and nearly obliterated them. Il had a son Kajan who survived the struggle. For 400 years the Mongols disappear from the pages of Tatar history into the vastnesses of the mountains of Asia.

Now to return to the time of Alanza Khan and his son Tatar Khan.

The Tatars in the Soviet Union trace their early Khans from Tatar the brother of Mogul. From Tatar descended Buka, Jalanzak and Ettala Khan.

Ettala's son Attaisis Khan fought bloody wars -- in the days of Ogus Khan of the Mongols. He was followed by Orda, Baydu and Siuntz Khan.

The latter in a grand alliance destroyed the Mongol power.

After this great victory the Tatars split up under petty rulers and have left us but few names of their rulers. Based on the number of generations this victory over the Mongols occurred in the 600's.

After multiplying in the mountains bordering on Mongolia, the Moguls finally rose to power in the late 200's. In another fifty years they challenged the Tatars, conquered them and became the masters of much of eastern Scythia.

The Tatars and Mongols - descendants of Turk whom Japheth adopted as his son - preserved for posterity the names of over 20 Khans (see Vol. XX of 'Universal History') who ruled Mongolia and adjacent territory until the twelfth century of the present era, Then it was that the Mongols burst forth on the world, ravaged Asia and plunged with terrible swiftness west into the heart of Europe under Jenghis Khan.

THE HISTORY OF ARMENIA

The principal source of Armenian history is that of Moses Khoren, a celebrated writer of the fifth century. In part his material is derived from the books of Mar-Abas Catina, a learned Aramean of the second century B.C. Modern archaeology provides additional information beginning with the period of the late Assyrian Empire.

Armenian history has been treated in much the same manner as Persian history. Prior to the Assyrian period all is rejected without being examined to see if it corresponds with the parallel accounts of other nations.

Armenian history begins with the account of Haik or Haig, the son of Togarmah, the son of Gomer. What's wrong with Biblical characters suddenly appearing on the scene shortly after the Flood? Nothing -- unless one doesn't want to acknowledge the plain facts of the Bible and history. Historians acknowledge the land about Armenia, as late as the days of Shalmaneser the Great, was known as the land of Togarmah. of course, that is from archaeology!

Armenians descend from Aram, son of Shem (see Josephus).

Intermarriage between Togarmah's family and Aram's has undoubtedly given rise to the unique character of the Armenians.

The following tables, prepared by Michael Chamich and St. Martin, are taken from the 'Collection des Historiens Anciens et Modernes de l'Armenie' by Victor Langlois, Paris, 1880, vol. II, pp. 385-386.

PATRIARCHS OF ARMENIA

Patriarchs of Armenia	Length of rule	Dates
Kamer, Gomer, son of Japheth	37	2178-2141
Togarmah	198	2141-1943
Haik	81	1943-1862
Armenak Armenak, declares Issaverdenz, 'with a large body of his people, advanced a few days journey to the northeast,' and colonized a new area of the Armenian plateau. (Page 56 of 'Armenia and the Armenians,' Vol. I.)	46	1862-1816
Armais	40	1816-1776
Amassia	32	1776-1744
Gegham	50	1744-1694
Harma	31	1694-1663
Paret	50	1663-1613
Arbak	44	1613-1569
Zavanslain by Achilles	37	1569-1532
Pharnas I	53	1532-1479
Sour	45	1479-1434
Havanak	30	1434-1404
Vashtak	22	1404-1382
Haikak I	18	1382-1364
Ampak I	14	1364-1350
Arnak	17	1350-1333
Shavarsh I	6	1333-1327
Norair	24	1327-1303
Vestam	13	1303-1290
Kar	4	1290-1286
Gorak	18	1286-1268
Hrant I	25	1268-1243
Endzak	15	1243-1228
Geghak	30	1228-1198
Horo	3	1198-1195
Zarmair,	12	1195-1183
Interregnum	2	1183-1181
Shavarsh II	43	1181-1138
Perch I	35	1138-1103
Arboun	27	1103-1076
Perch II	40	1076-1036
Bazouk	50	1036- 986
Hoy	44	986- 942
Houssak	31	942- 911
Ampak II	27	911- 884
Kaipak	45	884- 839
Pharnouas I	33	839- 806
Pharnas II	40	806- 766
Skaiordi	17	766- 749

The family of Aram paralleled the family of Togarmah, rather than succeeding it as most Armenian historians claim.

Patriarchs of Armenia	Length of rule	Dates
Aram, son of Shem Aram 'was the first to raise the Armenian name to any degree of renown.' One of his 'followers' was Mishag or Mishak. Certainly here we have the family of Aram and his son Mash or Meshech of the Bible.	58	2108-2050
Ara the Handsome Semiramis, Queen of Assyria, offered to marry Ara. He refused. And in an ensuing battle between the Assyrians and Armenians, Ara perished. Semiramis raised Garthos to the throne in his father's stead. Sometimes his name is spelled Kardos. During his day Semiramis and Ninyas struggled for the throne in Assyria. She fled to the Armenian king. Out of gratitude for having been placed on the throne, he raised an army and marched with Semiramis against Ninyas Zames. Both Kardos and Semiramis were slain and Ninyas came to the throne in 2006 in Assyria.	26	2050-2024
Kardos, called Ara Araian	18	2024-2006
Anoushavan Anoushavan had no heir to the throne; submits to Assyria as do his successors; he is succeeded by Haik in 1943.	63	2006-1943

KINGS OF ARMENIA

Kings	Length of rule	Dates
Parouyr, frees Armenia from Assyria	48	749- 701
Hratchia	22	701- 679
Pharnouas,	13	679- 666
Pachouych	35	666- 631
Kornak	8	631- 623
Phavos	17	623- 606
Haikak II	36	606- 570
Erouand I	4	570- 566
Tigran I	45	566- 521
Vahagn	25	521- 496
Aravan	20	496- 476
Nerseh	35	476- 441
Zarah	46	441- 395
Armog	9	395- 386
Bagam	14	386- 372
Van	20	372- 352
Vahe, died in war with Alexanderthe Great	23 (20)	352- 329 (352-332)
Mihram a Persian appointed by Alexander	6	329- 323
Neoptolemus	2	323- 321
Hrant II, or Orontes, subject to Greeks	4	321- 317
Ardoates	33	317- 284
Hrant II, or Orontes	45	284- 239
Artavazanes	50	239-189
Artaxias	30	189-159
Artavazd	10	159-149

Kurkjian's 'History of Armenia' may be consulted for succeeding periods.

Armenian history commences with a settlement of colonists in 2247, seven years after the episode at Babel. These colonists were subject to the rulers in Babylonia for 139 years. They gained their independence in 2108. This date is traditionally assigned to Haik, but rightfully belongs to Aram. Armenian history clearly places the family of Aram contemporary with Semiramis and Ninyas. Since Togarmah settled Armenia earlier than Aram, the line of Aram was inserted after the line of Gomer. It should have been made parallel. The family of Gomer continued down to the time of Paret in 1663. Note that the period assigned to Gomer and Togarmah in Armenian history corresponds with Italian and Spanish history. The white branch of the family was settling in Europe, while the Oriental branch migrated eastward. It appears that Ul, the son of Aram who settled Armenia, is Ara -- the 'r' replacing the 'l'.

September 25, 2011
0
Published in Compendium of World History
Written by LC Geerts

Volume 2 Chapter 10

COMPENDIUM OF WORLD HISTORY

VOLUME 2

A Dissertation Presented to The Faculty of the Ambassador College Graduate School of Education In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy

by Herman L. Hoeh

1963 1966, 1969 Edition

CHAPTER X

THE STORY OF THE PERUVIAN INDIANS

Strange as it may seem, the Peruvian Indians preserved their history back to Babel. Pre-Inca records specifically refer to and date correctly the reigns of Cush, Nimrod and Horus, or Gilgamesh! Every generation of rulers over the children of Tiras are named to the coming of the Incas. Yet today all this has been lost to public knowledge.

MODERN SCHOLARSHIP DISCARDED THE FACTS

Modern scholars have done little to acquaint us with the true history of early Peru. In the early centuries following the Spanish conquest of Peru and neighboring regions, many native records came into the possession of the conquerors. The assumption that the Incas knew only how to tie knots in a string to remind them of the past is absurd.

Granted, the 'quipus' -- or knotted strings -- were used.

The Peruvian Indians also painted records of past events. They had trained priests whose function was to record and repeat the traditions of the past. The fact that the Spanish did recover the history of the Peruvian Indians from the beginning is in itself proof that a great many records were available. No nation which was able to achieve the architectural wonders of the Peruvian highlands would lack the means to preserve its heritage.

The modern view of Peruvian history is that it cannot be established more than a century before the commencement of the Spanish colonial period. Archaeologists have done amazingly well in recovering cultural artifacts buried in the ground, but they have thus far been unwilling to associate what they find with early Peruvian history found in the authentic Indian records by the conquerors. The slightest study of Pedro Sarmiento de Gamboa's 'History of the Incas' would have confirmed the accuracy of his outline. Archaeology everywhere substantiates the written record wherever it has been carefully preserved.

Sir Clements Markham has contributed heavily toward Inca and Pre-Inca studies by his two books 'The Incas of Peru' and 'History of the Incas.' The former contains the list of kings from the beginning as preserved by Montesinos. It gives just over 100 names out of which nearly 80% have the lengths of reign preserved. Montesinos did not give sufficient information to establish every reign, but the list is so nearly complete that it is not at all difficult to determine contemporary events between Peru and the rest of the world. The latter volume preserves an invaluable outline of the Inca period.

WHAT ARCHAEOLOGISTS FOUND

Archaeologists are not settled on terminology, but they have described Peruvian remains rather well. The story begins with an Incipient Era of hunting and early agriculture. There follows a

Developmental Era that is usually not well divided. It ought to be expressed in two, rather than three phases -- the Formative and the Cultist -- to use archaeological Jargon. There is great technical progress and a widespread religious cult. A complete break ends the Cultist period.

Thereafter a Florescent Era appears, around 350 B.C., with many new techniques indicative of a dynamic period. In some ways the level of the artistic sense, however, does not advance.

Then comes a Climactic Era, commencing shortly after 500 A.D. It is divided into Expansionist, Urbanist and Imperialist periods. The Expansionist commences with conquest and political and social unification. It breaks down into disruption and decadence. Local autonomy with large centers of population characterize the Urbanist.

The Imperialist is a great military Empire, which was superseded, in 1532, by the Spanish Colonial period.

Archaeologists and historians alike have limited the Inca rule exclusively to the Imperialist and generally date it around 1440. Had they read the Inca history they would have found that the entire Climactic Era, beginning shortly after 500 A.D. belongs to the Incas.

Sarmiento de Gamboa commences Inca rule in 565 A.D. And rightly so. The history of the Inca royal family corresponds in exact detail, period by period, with Expansionist, Urbanist and Imperialist.

One objection often presented to such an extensive Inca period is the unusually long length of life necessitated for the rulers. Several are over a hundred years old. The argument would be valid if it were possible to demonstrate that human beings cannot live that long! But human beings do often live to be well over one hundred years of age.

For example, long after Moses wrote that the life span of man centers about 70 years, individuals are still recorded as living past 120 years. In those days the Peruvian highlands were virgin, and fit for vigorous living. In some instances the length of reign is due to birth of a son in the Inca's old age -- or to a birth of an heir after the death of a predecessor. History, when confirmed by archaeology, should be allowed to speak for itself.

Now to illustrate the history of Peru, from the Tower of Babel to the Spanish Colonial period. Notice that the names of even the earliest rulers appear in the native dialect. Many of the names are titles or epithets.

Names of Peruvians Beginning at Babel The first 18 are of the Pirua Dynasty. The relationship of one to another is not always stated.	Lengths of Reign	Dates
1 Pirua Pacari Manco (AyarUchu), the Cush of the Bible.	60	2254-2194
2. Manco Capac I, the Nimrod of Scripture. He built the first city after the flood. (Markham, 'Hist. of the Incas', p. 51)	30	2194-2164
3. Huanacahui Pirua	50	2164-2114
4. Sinchi Cozque	60	2114-2054
5. Inti Capac Yupanqui	50	2054-2004
6. Manco Capac II, is Horus; note that in Inca records he has same name as Nimrod does in Inca tradition.	20	2004-1984

ILLUSTRATION FROM BURMA

The date 2004 is a remarkable parallel for the return to power of Horus in Mesopotamia in 2006. Clearly the ancestors of the Peruvians lived outside Mesopotamia, bordering on the River Tyras. As confirmation of the exactness of Peruvian material, compare the following figures which have been extracted from the earliest history of Burma. Notice the same figure 2004 for Maradzi II. The ancestors of the Burmese Arakan people were at that time also living in the steppes of Russia.

Early Kings who Ruled Over People who now from Burmese Records live in Arakan, Burma (Stokvls' 'Manuel')	Lengths of Reign	Dates
Marayu, is Cush	62	2254-2192
Maradzi I, is Nimrod The name is derived from the Hebrew root 'marad,' to rebel. A Maradzu is a great rebel.	32	2192-2160
Maraonleng	53	2160-2107
Mararwayleng	48	2107-2059
Marabheng	55	2059-2004
Maradzi II, is Horus, etc.	33	2004-1971
Now to continue with the Peruvian Kings. Figures below are approximately the points of reign since the lengths of reign are in some cases lost.
7. Tupac Capac	--	1950
8. Tini Capac Yupanqui	--	1900
9. Titu Capac Yupanqui	--	1875
10. Inti Capac Pirua Amaru	--	1850
11. Capac Sayhua Capac	60	1800
12. Capac Tinia Yupanqui	40	1750
13. Ayar Tacko	25	1725
14. Huascar Titu	30	1700
15. Quispi Titu	--	1675
16. Titu Yupanqui Patchacutec I	--	1650
17. Titu Capac	25	1625
18. Paullu Ticac Pirua	30	1600
A new line of kings commences with Amauta. The word signifies a Magian, or priest.
19. Lloque Tesag Amauta, a priest or Magian Is there not a connection here with the Empire of Sargon and his sons in Mesopotamia? They had a vast empire, and on more than one occasion Sargon voyaged across the seas. (See Pritchard's 'Ancient Near Eastern Texts'.)	50	1575
20. Cayo Manco Amauta I	--	1525
21. Huascar Titu Tupac	33	1500
22 Manco Capac III Amauta	50	1450
23 Ticac Pupac	30	1425
24. Paullu Tutu Capac	19	1400
25. Cayo Manco Amauta II	30	1375
26. Marasco Patchacutec	40	1325
27. Paullu Atauchi Capac	--	1300
28. Lluqui Yupanqui	14	1275
29. Lluqui Ticac	8	1265
30. Capac Yupanqui I	50	1225
31, Tupac Yupanqui I	18	1200
32. Manco Auqui Tupac Patchacutee	50	1150
33. Sinchi Apusqui Huarma Huiracocha	40	1120
34. Auqui Quitu Atauchi	4	1100
35. Ayay Manco	--	1075
36. Huiracocha Capac	15	1060
37. Tchinchi Roca Amauta	20	1040
38. Tupac Amaru Amauta	25	1020
39. Capac Raymi Amauta This ruler instituted certain festivals in his name. He is parallel with the time of Odin I of Denmark and of Solomon. He was the mainspring behind the development of what archaeologists call the Cultist Era. This Era is illustrative of the contact between Old and New World during certain significant ages.	--	1000
40. IllJa Tupac	3	-- --
41. Tupac Amauta	3	990
42. Huanacauri I	4	-- --
43. Toca Corca Apu Capac	45	960
44. Huampar Xayri Tupac I	32	925
45. Hinac Huillja Amauta Pachacuti	35	900
46. Capac Yupanqui II Amauta	35	860
47. Huampar Xayri Tupac II	--	830
48. Cayo Manqui Auqui	3	820
49. Hinac Huillja	30	800
50. Inti Capac Amauta	30	760
51. Ayar Manco Capac	--	730
52. Yahuar Huquiz, gives his name to five intercalary days added to calendar to adjust spring equinox	30	710
53. Capac Titu Yupanqui	23	680
54. Tupac Curi I Amauta	39	640
55. Tupac Curi II	40	600
56. Huillcanota Amauta	60	540
57. Tupac Yupanqui II	43	500
58. Illja Tupac Capac	4	-- --
59. Titu Raymi Cozque	31	460
60. Huqui Nina Auqui	43	430
61. Manco Capac IV	23	390
62. Cayo Manco Capac	20	365
63. Sinchi Ayar Manco A major invasion occurs in his reign from the Southeast. This begins the true Florescent Era, as labeled by archaeologists.	7	360
64. Huaman Tacko Amauta	5	355
65. Titu Yupanqui Pachacuti II	--	--
66. Titu Huaman Quitu	--	325
67. Cozque Huaman Titu	--	--
68. Cuis Manco	50	275
69. Huillja Titu	30	240
70. Xayri Tupac	40	200
71. Tupac Yupanqui III	25	175
72. Huayna Tupac I	37	140
73. Huanacauri II	10	130
74. Huillja Huaman	60	70
75. Huaman Capac	40	30 BC
76. Paullu Raymi	19	10 AD
77. Manco Capac V Amauta	--	10
78. Auqui Atau Huillja	35	40
79. Manco Titu Capac	32	90
80. Huayna Tupac II	50	140
81. Tupac Cauri Pachacuti	--	170
82. Arantial	--	200
83. Huari Titu Capac	--	225
84. Huispa Titu Auqui	18	250
85. Toco Cozque	--	270
86. Ayar Manco	22	290
87. Cuntur Roca	--	320
88. Amaru From here on a definite sequence of dates is possible.	--	340
89. Sinchi Roca	41	365-406
90. Illja Toca	62	406-468
91. Lluqui Yupanqui	45	468-513
92. Roca Titu	25	513-538
93. Inti Mayta Capac Pachacuti	27	538-565

This concludes the Pre-Inca Era. Notice that when Montesino's account is properly begun at Babel it is in perfect harmony with the time element in the next era.

THE INCA RULERS

The succeeding chart illustrates the story of the great Inca period. It begins in 565. Is it significant that this is the year of a major movement of peripheral peoples out of the British Isles in the days of Gildas? ('Ency. Brit.', art. 'Cave,' in eleventh ed.) The Incas were of a complexion much lighter than their subjects.

The comments in the following section may be verified in J. A. Mason's 'Ancient Civilizations of Peru', p. 110.

Inca Kings or Until an Heir According Chosen to Sarmiento Beginning of Expansionist Period	Lengths of Reign	Dates
1. Manco Capac	100	565-665 AD
2. Sinchi Roca According to Garcilassan's account this king begins expansion.	19	665-684
3. Lloqui Yupanqui Extended domain to Lake Titicaca.	111	684-795
4. Mayta Capac Increases realm to Tiahuanaco and headwaters of coastal rivers. He is the first great conqueror.	110	795-905
5. Capac Yupanqui Troubles develop toward end of his reign.	89	905-994
The succeeding kings belong to the Urbanist period.
6. Inca Roca Near total collapse at beginning of his reign. He subjugates areas only 20 miles from capital of Cuxco.	103	994-1097
7. Titu Cuisi Hualpa (Yahuar-huaccac)	96	1097-1193
8. Viracocha Inca Wars with Chanca, Lupaca and Colla. His own capital besieged.	101	1193-1294
Inca Urcon, dethroned	--	--
The succeeding Incas belong to the Imperialist period.
9. Inca (Cusi) Yupanqui Pachacuti Begins conquests in the vicinity of Cuzco.	103	1294-1397
10. Tupac Inca Yupanqui	67	1397-1464
11 Huayna Capac	60	1464-1524
12. Huascar Inca	7	1524-1531
13. Atahuallpa	2	1531-1533
Tupac Huallpa	--	1533
14. Manco Inca, crowned by Pizarro	11	1533-1544
Xayri Tupac	17	1544-1561
Quispe Yupanqui	8	1561-1569
Tupac Amaru	3	1569-1572

With this restoration, though partly incomplete, the early history of South America comes into its proper place in World History.

September 25, 2011
0
Published in Compendium of World History
Written by LC Geerts

Volume 2 Chapter 9

COMPENDIUM OF WORLD HISTORY

VOLUME 2

A Dissertation Presented to The Faculty of the Ambassador College Graduate School of Education In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy

by Herman L. Hoeh

1963 1966, 1969 Edition

CHAPTER IX

ITALY, HOME OF PAGAN RELIGION

Nearly everyone has heard of the ancient pagan Greek and Roman gods and goddesses. But almost no one knows that they were originally great rulers of Italy.

The whole modern Christian world has been influenced by Roman Catholicism. The story in pre-Roman times was the same. Instead of paganism spreading to Rome from Greece, it really spread from Italy to Greece.

It was the vogue of the last century to ridicule the myths of Rome and of Greece. The gods and goddesses were regarded as mere human inventions -- rigments of the superstitious madness of the ancients. To admit that they were originally flesh-and-blood human beings would have been tantamount to admitting the reality of the Bible. For several of the heroes-made-god of ancient Italy are characters of the Bible.

ITALY IN THE ANCIENT WORLD

There is a very special reason that Italy became the home of religious apostasy in the West. The pagan mystery religions had a very special problem confronting them in Italy. They had to counter the teachings of Noah!

Yes, Noah appears as a ruler in the early history of Italy! Noah lived both sides of the Flood. He knew what life meant. Apart from him the whole human family would have been wiped from off the face of the earth. The world's religious leaders knew that if they were to succeed they must, in some way, counterfeit, in Italy, the teachings of Noah -- just as later they were to counterfeit the teachings of Christ. The parallel is exact.

To counterfeit Christ, they took Christ's name and labeled their superstition 'Christian.' They began to worship Christ. 'This people honoreth me with their lips, but their heart is far from me. But in vain worship they me, teaching for doctrines commands of men' (Mark 7:6-7).

To subdue the doctrines Noah preached, they made a pretense of following him -- claiming they were doing what he commanded them, claiming to do it by his authority. And when Noah died they began to worship him! They called him, in their mysteries, Janus -- the one who could look into both worlds because he experienced the worlds on either side of the Flood.

WHAT ITALIAN HISTORY REVEALS

The history of Italy was preserved down to Roman times. Not until the Middle Ages was it allowed to die a natural death. What could not be disproofd was left undiscussed. The scholarly world soon forgot the records in its possession. Those who did take note of them began labeling them as recent inventions -- just as they did the history of every other nation. Now let us open the pages of Italian history and see what really occurred in ancient Italy.

The history of Italy opens -- as might be expected -- with human government beginning at the Tower of Babel. Italian history begins immediately after the Flood -- with the land without inhabitants for 108 years. The first family to settle in Italy, according to ancient history, was Gomer. But why should this be so unusual, when one considers the contemporary history of Spain?

Gomer's children generally passed eastward out of Europe into Asia. Archaeology traces the movements of the earliest cultures of the children of Gomer from southern Europe into Asia. (See the previous chapter on the history of Spain under the family of Togarmah.)

Because Gomer was the earliest hero this side the Flood to populate limited areas of Europe, it became a Middle-Age superstition to label all the people of Europe the descendants of Gomer. Most Bible maps are so labeled today. But they are wrong. In the very first chapter, on the history of Germany, is proof that Shem's descendants now inhabit Western Europe. The fiction that Gomer was the ancestor of these people was deliberately, and knowingly, invented to cloak the identity of the House of Israel and of the Chaldeans and Assyrians. The

Germans do not want their identity known to the world. Nor do the Chaldeans. And the House of Israel wants to believe it is Gentile.

Now to continue the history of Italy as preserved to us from the same sources which give us German, Spanish and early British history.

Patriarchs, Rulers and Kings of Italy	Years	Dates
Uninhabited after the Flood.	108	2369-2261
Janus (Noah) plants colonies in Mediterranean. Janus was also called Vertumnus because through him the seasons continue in their cycle. Noah exercised authority in the period that both Shem and Heber appear dominant on the world scene elsewhere.	33	2261-2228
Gomer -- his son Ashkenaz (Ochus) succeeded him.	58	2228-2170
Ochus, son of Gomer.	50	2170-2120
Camese (Ham)	19	2120-2101
Janus (Noah again)	82	2101-2019
Cranus Razenus, son of Janus or Noah -- Shem; the name means the crowned one, and father of many races or peoples.	54	2019-1965
Aurunus, son of predecessor -- Aram -- from whom descended the Ausonians or Uzites.	43	1965-1922
Tagus Ormah (Togarmah), sonof Gomer. Togarmah augmented and established a religious system which came to be called the 'rites of Janus.' Here was an early parallel of the later pagan attempt to establish its religion on the world in the name of Christ. Togarmah obtained the designation Malot because he AUGMENTED -- the meaning of malot -- the pagan rites. Is it not significant that those lands most filled with hideous pagan superstition are the very areas settled by the sons of Gomer and especially Togarmah -- Tibet and Siberia? The Tibetans acquired their rites from Italy!	42	1922-1880
Sicanus, son of Togarmah. His wife was Ceres, who was worshipped as goddess of agriculture. It was her ideas which encouraged priests of the pagan religion to support themselves by living off the agricultural labor of others. Sicanus left only a daughter, Proserpina, who was married to Orcus, king of the Molossi in Epirus. Thereafter the government passed to petty kings or Tyrants.	30	1880-1850
Reign of Enachi Tyrants. This period corresponds in part to the time of the African invasion of Spain. Their overthrow was recorded in Greek myth as the war with the giants. Were these sons of Anak?	30	1850-1820
Osiris Apis Osyris of Egypt drove outtyrants and reigned in their stead. He is Sendi, King of Egypt.	10 (or 12)	1820-1810 1820-1808
Lestrigonians, sons ofNeptune, the son of Osiris. For last ten years of his reign Hercules warred against Lestrigo.	45 (or 43)	1810-1765 (1808-1765)
Heracles, Seir the Horite in Scripture; called 'Oron' -- the Horite -- in Spanish Literature.	30	1765-1735
Tuscus, son of Heracles. He drilled people in art of war.	27	1735-1708
Alteus, son of Tuscus.	7	1708-1701
Hesperus, brother of Atlas.	11	1701-1690
Italus Atlantus Kittim. (See history of Spain for his identity.) Atlas left only a daughter Roma (or Electra); she was therefore of the family of Abraham through Keturah's son Midian, according to Josephus and the records of Spain.	19	1690-1671
Morges, a prince of the Morgetae in Italy.	20	1671-1651
Cambon, son of Blasco, called Corito or Corythus. Married (33) jointly (1634-1601) Roma (Electra) daughter of with Roma Atlas Kitim; she was the concubine of a Jupiter. Sammes' 'Britannia Antiqua Illustrata' is of major assistance in clarifying Anderson's 'Royal Geneologies' during this period. See also 'Historia' by Bartholome Gutierrez, page 165.	50	1651-1601
Jasius A descendant of Jupiter, but not from Electra. In the year 1601 the throne of Britain had become vacant and Jasius was chosen to fill the vacant throne in Britain. From Britain he ruled all Celtica and Italy. At his death the throne of Britain was separated from Italy. The royal line continues in Italy thus:	50	1601-1551
Corybantus. Corybantus was the son of Jasius and Cybele. He and his mother divided Italy into 12 provinces and set over them 12 rulers, after which they retired into Phrygia. A few Israelites were fleeing from Egypt at this period due to persecution by the Egyptians.	48	1551-1503
Tyrrenus migrates withLydians from Asia Minor. After his reign the unity of Italy ceased. Not until the rise of the Roman Republic did all the numerous tribes in Italy again become united under one government. Hereafter the history of Italy is the story of the Kings of the Tuscans and of Kittim. The history parallel to the Kingdom of Etruria will be presented after that of the Tuscans.	51	1503-1452

THE HISTORY OF ETRURIA

The story of Etruria or Tuscany is essentially the history of those invading nations who dwelt in Italy, but were not descended from Kittim. The people of Etruria were a heterogeneous group of tribes.

Kings of the Tuscans	Lengths of Reign	Dates
Tharcon I	23 (34)	1452-1429 (1452-1418)
Abas	15 (15)	1429-1414 (1418-1403)
Olanus	21 (23)	1414-1393 (1403-1380)
Veibenus	42 (48)	1393-1351 (1380-1332)
Oscus	34 (17)	1351-1317 (1332-1315)
Tharcon II	46 (44)	1317-1271 (1315-1271)
Tiberinus, expels Pelasgifrom Italy in time of Jabin, king of Canaan.	30	1271-1241
Mezentius. He was expelled for his tyranny and fled to Cerytes during the rule of Tharcon III. Mezentius afterwards aided Turnus against Aeneas.	22	1241-1219
Tharcon III	20	1219-1199
Ocnus Blanor	46	1199-1153
Pipinus	52	1153-1103
Nicius Fesulanus. He expelled the Phoenicians from the isle of Corsica, and built the city of Nicea.	47	1101-1054
Piseus. He is credited with several inventions. This is the era of Solomon and world wide growth in culture and in foreign trade.	52	1054-1002
Thuscus	39	1002- 963
Amnus	25	963- 938
Felsinus. He built Felsina the metropolis of the Tuscans.	43	938- 895
Bon	28	895- 867
Atreius	27	867- 840
Marsias	18	840- 822
Etalus	39	822- 783
Coelius	21	783- 762
Galerius Arbanus Lucumo	20	762- 742
Lukius	25	742- 717
Cibitus	82	717- 635
Lucumo Clusinus King Tarquinus Priscus of (or 38 to the time (635- 597) Rome wasted Tuscany about of struggle 596, but at their entreaty with Rome.) a peace was concluded in 584, By this peace they gave to Tarquin a crown of gold, an ivory chair, a sceptre with an eagle at the end of it, a purple robe embroidered with gold, a gown and 12 axes, which Tarquin received with the senate's consent.	58	635- 577
Rhaetus He gave name to the Rhetians, a people of the Alps. King Serbius Tullius of Rome triumphed three times over the Tuscans, who were at last forced to submit.	20	577- 557
Hyellus	44	557- 513
Porcena Clusius	58	513-455
Tolumnius Laertes	24	455- 431
Eques Tuscus	40	431- 391
Livius Fidenatus	48	391- 343
Elbius Tuscus	32	343- 311
Turrenus A major blow was struck, beginning in 285, against Etruria. The king surrendered his government to the Romans. So closed the independent history of the Tuscan tribes in Etruria, many of whom now scattered into neighboring regions. Subordinate princes continued as follows until the reign of Emperor Otho.	41	311- 270
Titus (Tito)	40	270- 230
Volturrenus	48	230- 182
Cecinna	56	182- 126
Menippus	46	126- 80
Menodorus	36	80- 44
Mencenate .	56 B.C	44 - 13 A.D.
Seinao	23	13- 36
Scevino	33	36- 69
Otho Torentius (the 1 (actually Emperor Otho) ruled only 3 months -- Jan. 15-Apr. 19, 69)	0	69

THE HISTORY OF THE LATINS

Meanwhile the descendants of the children of Kittim were being ruled over by descendants of the family of Abraham. The famous woman Electra or Roma was daughter of Atlas Kittim. Josephus reveals Atlas to have been Epher, Abraham's grandson. His daughter is called the concubine of Jupiter (see Icelandic history earlier in this volume), From Electra, who later married Cambon, came a line of rulers who were later accounted gods or divine heroes. The list carries us down to the coming of Aeneas of Troy, recorded in Volume I. All these royal lines were related to the family of Abraham.

List of Kings	Length of Reign	Dates
Roma, previously concubineof Jupiter.	46	1634-1588
Romanessus, son of Roma.	79	1588-1509
Picus	57	1509-1452
Faunus	30	1452-1422
Annus	54	1422-1368
Vulcan	36	1368-1332
Marte (Mars) sometimesreferred to as Janus.	23	1332-1309
Saturn, arrived fromCrete in 1331.	36	1309-1273
Picus, sometimes called Jupiter.	34	1273-1239
Faunus the younger.	24	1239-1215
Latinus (Lateinos) The year 35 of Latinus was 1181-1180. Aeneas of Troy arrived that year (see Dionysius of Halicarnassus, I, 44). In year 38 (1178-1177) Latinus died and Aeneas succeeded -- by the Roman non-accession year system.	38	1215-1177

To conclude the surprising early history of Italy, here is a slightly different mode of reckoning the earliest rulers. Anderson's 'Royal Genealogies' records, from documents extant in the sixteenth century, the lengths of reigns from the time of Shem's settlement of colonies in Europe. That event may be dated from the 'Bavarian Chronicle' to 2214.

List of Kings	Length of Reign	Dates
Gomer	127	(2214-2087)
Janus or Noah	45	(2087-2042)
Sabatius Saga, a son of Cush who fled Armenia via Germany to Italy,	31	(2042-2011)
Cranus	61	(2011-1950)
Arunus	41	(1950-1909)
Malot Tages	38	(1909-1871)
Sicanus	30	(1871-1841)
Tyrants	38	(1841-1803)
Osyris	10	(1803-1793)
Lestrigo	33	(1793-1760)
Hercules	30	(1760-1730)
Tuscus	35	(1730-1695)
Alteus	20	(1695-1675)
Atlas Italus Kittim	16	(1675-1659)
Morges	9	(1659-1650)
Camboblasco	50	(1650-1600)
Jasius	49	(1600-1551)
Coribantus Coribantus and his mother set twelve princes over twelve provinces and departed to Phrygia in Asia Minor. As Coribantus is otherwise assigned a total of 48 years (1551-1503), his 41-year reign indicates that the twelve princes governed the last seven years of his reign (1510-1503).	41	(1551-1510)

September 25, 2011
0
Published in Compendium of World History
Written by LC Geerts

Volume 2 Chapter 6

COMPENDIUM OF WORLD HISTORY

VOLUME 2

A Dissertation Presented to The Faculty of the Ambassador College Graduate School of Education In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy

by Herman L. Hoeh

1963 1966, 1969 Edition

CHAPTER VI

SCOTLAND -- KEY TO HISTORY OF NEW WORLD

The Key to the history of the New World has been lost. Not a single historian or archaeologist knows the true origin of American Indian civilization. And no wonder! They have thrown away the keys to that history. One of those keys will be found in Danish history. The other -- and most important -- key in the checkered history of rugged Scotland.

WHAT HISTORIANS CLAIM

The famous eight-volume 'History of Scotland', by John Hill Burton, begins the history of Scotland this way: 'It is in the year 80 of the Christian era that the territory in later times known as Scotland comes out of utter darkness, and is seen to join the current of authentic history. In that year Julius Agricola brought Roman troops north ....'

This is a typical -- but mistaken -- view of Scottish history.

Historians have made an idol out of Roman records. What the Romans either refused to preserve, or carelessly neglected to record, is all too often treated with contempt by modern historians. Scotland was never long under the Roman heel. The Romans were not particularly interested in its rocky highlands. Consequently they did not occupy themselves with recording the major events of the past that befell its inhabitants.

Today, numerous documents are available covering the history of Scotland from very early times. These chronicles are usually disparaged in historical circles -- or at most treated as quaint and curious documents. But to restore the lost history of Scotland from them is frowned on with disdain.

Yet in these records are the missing links which, until now, have sundered the Old World from the New. It is time the true story of Scotland were made known. Here, in outline form, are the major events that make Scottish history.

FIRST MAJOR SETTLEMENT

The geographic location of Scotland is important in its history. Scotland is the link between Scandinavia and Britain and Ireland. Its shores provide control of the far reaches of the North Sea and the ocean. Scotland was consequently invaded, peaceably and by frightful devastation, several times in its history.

The first permanent settlement of Scotland, for which we have recorded history, begins with the coming of Danus I of Denmark in 1040. When the Cimbric tribes called upon an heir of the Trojan throne to establish his domain in Denmark, Odin responded immediately.

Out of southeastern Europe he marched into Denmark. Coming with him was a mixed tribe known as the Agathyrsi. Agathirsi was their name, declares an old Scottish Chronicle. ('Controversial Issues in Scottish History', by W. H. Gregg, p. 125.) Odin settled them in Scotland under their leader Cruithne -- after whom they were called Cruithnians or Cruithne. Herodotus, the Greek historian, traces the Agathyrsi to their origin in the Scythian plains of what is now the southern Ukraine The Agathyrsi were a mixed race. Various struggles led to a catastrophe among the Agathyrsi who came with Odin. They found themselves without women!

As a consequence they sought wives among neighboring tribes. They landed in Ireland at the time of the establishment of the Milesian monarchy under Ghede the Herimon (1016-1002). Following a few skirmishess an agreement was reached. The Milesians of Ireland agreed to give wives to the Agathyrsi from their daughters on one condition: that the Agathyrsi would pass on their inheritance through their daughters, not their sons. This was to acknowledge that any royalty which might follow derived kingship from their Milesian wives, not from the Agathyrsi men.

On this condition the Agathyrsi departed again for Scotland.

LINE OF JUDAH IN SCOTLAND

The women who journeyed in that day to Scotland were Milesians -- of the family of Mileadh. In volume I of the Compendium the history of the kingly line from Mileadh to the present throne in Great Britain was given in its entirety. Its ancient connection with the throne of David, in Judah, was made plain. But the genealogy of Mileadh was not included.

The line of Mileadh, in Irish records, properly begins with Easru in Egypt. The name Easru is Old Irish for Ezra or Azariah.

Easru was a friend of Moses. One Irish tradition has him crossing the Red Sea with the children of Israel. Another tradition has him journeying, after the Exodus, to Scythia. Irish annalists became confused by these two movements of Easru and his family. It never occurred to them that he might have crossed the Red Sea with Moses, and then, at a later time journeyed to Scythia.

No Irish records preserve the ancestry of Easru or Azariah. Many myths were later created by Irish monks to account for this blank. It seems not to have occurred to them that the Bible might record the ancestry of Easru, ending at the Exodus.

The previous volume of the Compendium established the significant fact that the symbol of the line of Easru and Mileadh was the Crimson or Red Branch -- signifying the royal line Zarah, Judah's son (Genesis 38:30). Now open the Bible to the genealogy of Judah. 'And the sons of Zarah: Zimri, and Ethan, and Heman, and Calcol, and Dara .... And the sons of Ethan: Azariah' (I Chronicles 2:6, 8).

Here is an Azariah, of the family of Judah -- and of Zarah, the Red Branch. Azariah was of the same generation as Moses -- both were great-great-grandsons of Jacob (compare with Exodus 6:16-20). Notice also that Azariah's descendants did not enter Palestine. His genealogy is not continued beyond the Exodus. That is significant.

Further, the name Azariah in Hebrew is often shortened to Ezra (see any Biblical encyclopaedia). Its Old Irish form would be Easru. So here we have an Azariah (or Ezra), of the same generation as Moses, Living at the time of the Exodus, whose descendants did not settle in Palestine, and who was of the Crimson Branch. At the same time Irish history reveals an Easru -- Old Irish for Azariah or Ezra -- living in Moses' day, crossing the Red Sea, but not settling in Palestine, whose descendants in after generations used the symbol of the Crimson Branch! Here is the line of Zarah -- Judah! Easru is Azariah, Judah's great-great-grandson.

In chart form (from the Bible and Stokvis' Manuel) the Milesian princely line appears thus:

Jacob

Judah

Zarah

Ezra

Ethan

Azariah, who is Easru

Sru

Eibher Scot

Beogamon

Ogamon

Tait

Agnamhan

Lamhfinn

Heber Glunfionn

Agnonfinn

Eimhear Glas

Nenuaill

Nuadhat

Aldoid

Earchada

Deaghata

Bratha

Breogan

Bile

Mileadh

Ghede the Herimon, now gave daughters of the royal family to the Cruithne. From these noble women sprang a line of kings that finally united with the Scots in the person of Kenneth Mac Alpin in 843.

In after ages the Cruithne came to be known, falsely, as Picts. The true Picts were another people altogether -- an uncivilized people who painted themselves. Because the Cruithne ruled over the Picts who lived in the Scottish highlands, later writers called them both 'Picts.' The wild, unsettled Picts later disappeared from Scotland. Where? -- historians do not know. But Scottish history tells!

But first, to summarize the story of the half-Jewish kings who descended from the Cruithnians and the Hebrew Milesian women.

EARLIEST HISTORY OF SCOTLAND

The complete king list -- and an accurate chronology of all the kings of the Cruithne -- has come down to us in the 'Pictish Chronicle.' The record begins with the first settlement of the Agathyrsi in 1040. That is the year they were planted in Northwest Europe by Odin of Denmark, who led them out of their ancient homeland in Thrace.

The 'Pictish Chronicle' begins with the name of Cruithne and seven sons, who divided the Scottish realm between them. The entire period from the first migration in 1040 to the death of Cruithne and his sons was 100 years. Thereafter the royal line was inherited from the mother's side, not the father's, in accordance with the original agreement with the Milesians.

The following chart is taken from the 'Pictish Chronicle.'

Lengths of Reign

Dates Cruidne (or Cruithne), son of Cinge (or Kinne), father of the Agathyrsi dwelling in Scotland. 100 1040- 940

The seven sons of Cruithne:

Circui
Fidaich	40
Forteim	70
Floclaid	30
Got	12
Ce, that is, Cecircum	15
Fibaid	24

The entire period of Cruithne and his seven sons is contained in the 100 years assigned to Cruithne. None of the sons' reigns can be dated. The kingship after 940 was passed on to the following:

Gedeolgudach	80	940-860
Denbacan	100	860-760
Finnechta (Olfinecta)	60	760-700
Guididgaedbrecach	50	700-650
Gestgurtich	40	650-610
Wurgest	30	610-580
Brudebout	48	580-532

'From Brudebout descended 30 kings of the name of Brude, who reigned during 150 years in Ireland and in Albany,' records the Chronicle. Albany was the seat of authority in Scotland. The following names indicate that the realm was divided into numerous principalities -- probably 15 -- over each of which two generations of kinglets reigned.

Thirty kings by name of Brude

150

532-382

Brude Gest	Brude Uleo
Brude Urgest	Brude Gant
Brude Point	Brude Urgant
Brude Urpoint	Brude Gnith
Brude Leo	Brude Urgnith
Brude Feth	Brude Gart
Brude Urfeichir	Brude Urgart
Brude Cal	Brude Clnd
Brude Urcal	Brude Urclnd
Brude Cint	Brude Uip
Brude Urcint	Brude Uruip
Brude Feth	Brude Grith
Brude Urfeth	Brude Urgrith
Brude Ru	Brude Muin
Brude Ero	Brude Urmuin

Gilgidi	101	382-281
Tharan	100	281-181
Morleo	15	181-166
Deocilunan	40	166-126
Cimoiod, son of Arcois	7	126-119
Deord	50	119- 69
Bliciblitherth	5	69- 64
Dectoteric, brother of Diu	40	64- 24
Usconbuts	30	24 B.C.- 7 A.D.
Carvorst	40	7- 47
Deoartavois	20	47- 67
Uist	50	67-117
Ru	100	117-217
Gartnaithboc	4	217-221
Vere	9	221-230
Breth, son of Buthut	7	230-237
Vipoignamet	30	237-267
Canutulachma	4	267-271
Wradech Vechla	2	271-273
Garnaichdi Uber	60	273-333
Talore, son of Achivir -- (Nectanus, a contemporary Pictish king was slain in 361)	75	333-408
Drust, son of Erp or Irb	45	408-453

Though the 'Pictish Chronicle' continues the history of the Cruithne without interruption, it is important that the list be stopped here to discover who Drust, the son of Erp, was.

EARLY LINE OF SCOTTISH KINGS

Erp is the Pictish name for the Scottish Erc. Who was this Erc?

Late Scottish historians confused this Erp or Erc with Erc the father of Fearghus. Fearghus mac Erc reigned 513-529. This was about a century after Drust mac Erp (or Erc). The two Ercs are not the same person. This is clearly proofd by all early Scottish historians. 'In two particulars at least, none of the early writers have disagreed: that in the year 503 an invasion of Caledonia took place under the leadership of Fergus mac Erc, and that he and his followers had come to stay' ('Controversial Issues in Scottish History', Gregg, page 35).

Then who was the other Erc whose son, a century earlier, returned to rule over the Picts? The answer is found in the early history of the Scots who migrated from Scythia in the year 331-330.

In 331 Alexander the Great overthrew the Persian realm. Many nations who had been held in virtual slavery gained their freedom. One of these people was the House of Israel. Israel was invaded in 721 by Shalmaneser of Assyria. After a three-year siege her people were taken into captivity. Ezekiel, over a century later was given a vision in which he saw that the House of Israel would not be released from their enslavement until 390 years had elapsed from the time of the siege of Samaria (Ezekiel 4:3-5). It was precisely 390 years from 721, when the siege against Samaria began, to 331, the date of the final overthrow of Persia and the deliverance out of captivity of the Hebrews. Some of them immediately commenced a migration to the land settled long before by their brethren. In the year 331-330 they journeyed out of Scythia to Scotland -- the word Scotland originally meant the land of the Scyths. In Scotland they sent to Ireland for a Scythian-Mileslan prince, of the line of Mileadh, to rule over them. A prince was dispatched, together with a small army. His name was Fergus, the son of Ferquhard. It was his family from which Erp or Erc, the father of Drust, king of the 'Picts,'' sprang. Before returning to complete the line of 'Pictish' kings, we shall present a summary of the earliest kings to rule over the Scots in Scotland. (It should be remembered that Scotland and Pictland were but two of several early divisions of that land now known as Scotland.)

This material is taken from Boethus and Buchanan. The correct outline is that preserved in Anderson's 'Royal Genealogies'. Buchanan mistakenly shortens the total of the dynasty 16 years. But Roman history confirms the longer form preserved by Anderson on page 753.

Lengths of Reign

Dates 1. Fergus He died in shipwreck off the coast of Ireland, where he went to quell some commotions. 25 330-305 2. Feritharis Brother of Fergus succeeds, since Fergus' sons are too young. 15 305-290 3. Mainus Fergus' younger son chosen king, the older, Ferlegus, being condemned for conspiring in his uncle's death. 29 290-261 4. Dornadilla A son of Mainus 28 261-233 5. Nothatus Dornadilla's brother; his own son too young to succeed to the throne. A very cruel and despotic ruler, he was slain. 20 233-213 6. Reuther Dornadilla's son. Dowal, the murderer of Nothatus, exercised great influence over the still young Reuther. 26 213-187 7. Reutha Son of Nothatus, cousin of Reuther. Reuther's brother rules for his nephew, who is only ten years old. Reutha resigned the government in favour of Thereus his nephew. 17 187-170 8. Thereus Reuther's son. A cruel and unwise tyrant, driven into exile in his twelfth year, Conan elected viceroy. 12 170-158 9. Josina Thereus' brother. He greatly honored physicians, as he had been educated among them. 24 158-134 10. Finnan Josina's son. Established that kings should not decide on great matters without authority of the great council. Ne was devoted to Druidical superstitions. 30 134-104 11. Durstus Finnan's son. A vile and debauched ruler. Pretending to reform his life, he invited the nobles and had them slain. He was slain in the ensuing battle. 9 104- 95 12. Evenus Paternal cousin to Durstus. Exacted oath of allegiance from his subjects. 19 95- 76 13. Gillus A crafty tyrant, slain by Cadwal, his viceroy, in battle. 3 76- 73 14. Evenus II Son of Doval; grandson of Josina. 17 73- 56 15. Ederus Son of Dochamus, Durstus' son. 48 56- 8 16. Evenus III A wicked and licentious king; the son of Ederus. He was put in prison by the nobles and there murdered by a fellow prisoner. 7 8- 1 17. Metellanus Son of Ederus' brother. 29 '1 B.C.'- 29 'A.D.' 18. Caractacus Son of Cadallanus and of Eropeia, Metellanus' sister. 20 29- 49 19. Corbred I Caractacus' brother. 18 49- 67 20. Dardanus Metellanus' nephew. A cruel and licentious ruler, he was captured in battle and beheaded. 4 67- 71 21. Corbred II. Corbred's son. After many battles with the Romans, he died at peace. 35 71-106 22. Luctacus A licentious prince, son of Corbred II. He was slain by his nobles. 3 106-109 23. Mogaldus (Mogallus) Grandson of Galdus and maternal nephew of Lactacus, son of the sister of Corbred II. Started his reign well but ended it in the ways of his predecessor. Was slain by the nobles. 36 109-145 24. Conarus Mogaldus' son. He was a partner in the conspiracy against his father. He himself was a lecherous tyrant, was put in prison after only 2 years. Argadus became governor; Conarus was finally slain in prison in 159. 14 145-159 25. Ethodius Mogaldus' sister's son. He was murdered for personal reasons by an Irish harper. 33 159-192 26. Satrael Ethodlus' brother, the son was not yet mature enough. This man murdered the nobles and friends of Ethodius, so he could do away with the sons, in order to keep the reign in his family. Was finally strangled by his own servants. 4 192-196 27. Donald I. Another brother of Ethodius. The first 'Christian king' of Scotland. First to coin gold and silver money in the land. 21 196-217 28. Ethodius II. Son of Ethodius, an intellectually weak and base-minded man. Directed by his nobles, slain by own officers. 21 217-238 29. Athirco Son of Ethodius. Began his reign decently, but degenerated and committed suicide when pursued by his nobles. Athirco's brother, Dorus, flees from the noble Nathalocus with the three sons of Athirco. 12 238-250 30. Nathalocau A son of Athirco's brother, he usurped the kingdom; was a cruel tyrant and was slain by the nobles. 12 250-262 31. Findochus A son of Athirco. A good ruler, he was slain by his own brother at the instigation of Donald the Islander. 11 262-273 32. Donald II. Findochus' brother. In battle Donald is wounded and dies shortly after. 1 273-274 33. Donald III Donald the Islander usurped the kingship without any right to it, and ruled very cruelly. He was finally slain by Crathilinthus. 12 274-286 34. Crathilinthus The son of Findochus, who was hidden for years. After a long series of battles with the wild Picts, and after purging the land of the idolatrous superstition of the Druids and enforcing Christianity, he died. 24 286-310 35. Fincormach Crathilinthus' cousin. A just ruler. 47 310-357 36. Romachus Son of oldest brother of Crathilinthus. Obtained the kingdom by force from the two sons of two other brothers of Crathilinthus. Defeated incursions of the wild Picts. His murder ended his evil reign. 3 357-360 37. Angusianus Son of a brother of Crathilinthus. Angusianus was slain in battle with the Picts' king Nectanus. 1 360-361 38. Fethelmachus Son of the third brother of Crathilinthus, Devastating the forces of the Picts in battle, they sent assassins who murdered the king. 3 361-364 39. Eugenius I (Evenus) Fincormach's son. He was killed in battle against the Romans and their Pictish allies. The Scottish kingdom was obliterated. The dead king's brother, with his son Erc, and his grandson, fled to Denmark where he was received by Sivaldus III. The Scottish population scattered throughout Scandanavia. 12 364-376

The Romans soon turned on the Cruithne -- who were still dwelling in Pictland along with the wild Picts. The Cruithne were miserably oppressed. After three decades they came to an agreement with the Scots and promised to restore the Scots to the throne if they would deliver them from oppression. The son of Erc or Erp returned in 408 at the head of a Scottish army, delivered the Cruithne and restored the throne. This son of Erc or Erp was not Ferghus, as later traditions assumed, but Drust, who became the new king of the Cruithne or Picts. Drust was famous in poetry for having fought 100 battles and lived 100 years. As he ended his reign in 453, he was born 353. He was therefore only 23 years old at the time of the flight of his grandfather and father.

Before continuing the remarkable history of the wild Picts which culminated in 503 in Scotland, we should continue with the line of Scottish kings who now sat on the throne over the Cruithne (or the Agathyrsi Picts).

KINGS OF CRUITHNE CONTINUED

Lengths of Reign

Dates (Drust, son of Erp or Erc 45 408-453) Talore, son of Aniel 4 453-457 Necton Morbet, son of Erp 25 457-482 Drest Gurthinmoth 30 482-512 Galanau Etelich 12 512-524 Dadrest 1 524-525 Drest, son of Gyrom 1 525-526 Drest, son of Udrost, reigned jointly with Drest, son of Gyrom 5 526-531 Drest, son of Gyrom, continues to reign alone 5 531-536 Gartnach, son of Gyrom 7 536-543 Cealtraim, son of Gyrom 1 543-544 Talorg, son of Muircholaich 11 544-555 Drest, son of Munait 1 555-556 Galam, with Aleth 1 556-557 Galam, with Brideo 1 557-558 Bride, son of Mailcon 30 558-588 Gartnaich, son of Domelch 11 588-599 Nectan 20 599-619 Cineoch, son of Luthrn 19 619-638 Garnard, son of Wid 4 638-642 Bridei, son of Wid 5 642-647 Talore, brother of the two former kings 12 647-659 Talorcan, son of Enfret 4 659-663 Gartnait, son of Donnel 6 663-669 Drest, brother of Gartnait 7 669-676 Bridei, son of Bill 21 676-697 Taran, son of Entisidich 4 697-701 Bredei, son of Derili 11 701-712 Necton, or Naitan, son of Derili 15 712-727 Drest and Alpin reigned together 5 727-732 Onnust, or Oengus, son of Urgust, or Fergus 31 732-763 Bredei, son of Uiurgust 2 763-765 Kinoid, or Kinoth son of Wirdech 12 765-777 Elpin, or Alpin son of Wroid 3 777-780 Drest, or Durst son of Talorgan 4 780-784 Talargan, son of Onnust 2 784-786 Canaul, son of Tarla 5 786-791 Castantin, or Constantine, son of Urguist, or Fergus 30 791-821 Unnust, or Hungus, son of Urguist 12 821-833 Drest, son of Constantine, and Taloran, son of Utholl, reigned together. 3 833-836 Uwen, or Eogan, son of Unnust 3 836-839 Wrad, son of Bargoit 3 839-842 Bred Brude 3 842-845

Keneth MacAlpin, first king 16 843-859 of all Scotland, united line of Cruithne (or 'Picts') with the Milesian Scottish line of Ferghus mac Erc.

This completes the history of the Picts who descended from the intermarriage of the Cruithne and the Judaic Milesian royal house. From the reign of Kenneth MacAlpin the history of the throne of David has already been presented in volume I.

But what befell those wild, tribal Picts who gave their name to the Cruithne -- and who painted themselves? Remnants of them continued to be referred to as late as the seventeenth century. Most of the population, however, suddenly disappeared in 503 upon the coming of the Milesian Scots out of Ireland under the leadership of Fearghus mac Erc.

Those wild Picts were the people who left the many strange and intriguing remains in the Northern Isles of Britain -- the mounds, the flint knives, the stonehewn tombs, the carvings. The next chapter explains the link between Scotland and the New World.

September 25, 2011
0
Published in Compendium of World History
Written by LC Geerts

Volume 2 Chapter 8

COMPENDIUM OF WORLD HISTORY

VOLUME 2

A Dissertation Presented to The Faculty of the Ambassador College Graduate School of Education In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy

by Herman L. Hoeh

1963 1966, 1969 Edition

CHAPTER VIII

THE HISTORY OF SPAIN

Who would guess today, from reading Spanish history, that Spain was, in Old Testament times, one of the most important countries in the world? That famous Biblical characters as Togarmah and Seir the Horite and Tarshish made their appearance in this fabulous land?

Today the early history of Spain is virtually unknown. Scholars treat it in much the same fashion as the history of every other nation in Europe. Her past -- before Roman rule -- is made to appear a chronological blank. What little is written before that time mainly emphasizes broken pottery and similar artifacts.

The real history is vitally interesting. It holds the key to the settlement of the Peruvian Indian in Latin America. Spain was also the link between Palestine and Ireland. Whoever controlled Spain was in a position to dominate the Western Mediterranean.

ONLY RECENTLY SUPPRESSED

Until very recent times Spanish writers took pride in presenting their national history. They were not ashamed of it. Today, in the face of 'higher criticism,' Spanish scholars have suppressed the truth of her beginnings. What once was recognized to be fact is now relegated to the limbo of myth for no other reason than early Spanish history reads very much like the Bible!

Early Spanish history does not begin in Spain. It begins far to the east -- in the lands bordering the ancient Assyrian Empire.

Similarly, the history of the Hebrews of the Bible does not begin with Palestine, but with the land of the Chaldeans in Mesopotamia. In its earliest period the history of the Iberian Peninsula is not primarily the story of the Spanish people at all. It is the history of other people who migrated through that land, or temporarily dominated it.

Few books in English preserve the history we are now entering upon. The two works most readily available in libraries are Anderson's 'Royal Genealogies' and the 20 volume 'Universal History', published in 1748. The Spanish material is contained in volume xviii.

Our story opens in Asia Minor, in the region of the city of Tarsus. Paul the apostle was born here. Tarsus was a port first settled by the children of Tarshish. From Tarsus in Cilicia they gradually migrated into Spain, where they founded the city of Tartessus. The earliest homeland of the children of Tarshish in Asia Minor was originally ruled over by Tubal, son of Japheth. Spanish history begins with his government at Babel.

The land about Tarsus in Asia Minor long bore the name of Tubal.

The Assyrians, in their cuneiform documents, referred to it as Tabal.

It extended from the area of what is eastern Turkey today into the Caucasus to the Russian plains.

The most valuable area in the ancient land of Tabal was the excellent farming and trading region of Iberia in the Caucasus -- the modern Georgia. From this vast area, the descendants of Tubal migrated into the Russian steppes. But their subjects, the children of Tarshish, migrated westward toward Spain. Early Spanish history is in a sense the story of the Spanish people, but the record of their foreign rulers.

The following outline summarizes the important events preserved of the early history of the Spanish people beginning from the Tower of Babel.

EARLIEST KINGS OVER THE SPANISH

Name of Rulers	Lengths of Reign	Dates
Tubal Grandson of Noah (Gen. 10:2). Came to power at Babel. Ruled over territory in eastern Asia Minor (Turkey) where Tarshish, the father of the Spaniards, originally settled.	156	2254-2098
Iberus, a son of Tubal He gave his name to the entire peninsula, which is still known as the Iberian Peninsula. Later his descendants migrated from Spain to Iberia in the Caucasus.	37	2098-2061
Eubalda (or Idubeda) Son of Iberus, last of the line of Tubal to rule over the children of Tarshish.	64	2061-1997
Brigus Son of Mash, the son of Aram (Gen. 10:23). Previously settled a colony in Eastern Europe under Asshur; now leads a colony to Spain by sea. An Aramaic large nosed element may be seen in the Spanish population to this day. The ancient city of Damascus, Syria, was named after his father Mash. Brigus (Brigo) organized his people into pastoral units (whence our 'brigades'), which multiplied so rapidly that colonies were forced to leave Spain in search of new homes. Some of his children from Europe early carried his name into Phrygia (Asia Minor). There the family became associated with Meshech, brother of Tubal. Brigo's father, Mash, became known by the name Meshech (I Chr. 1:17). Brigo's family in Spain soon became associated with the children of Togarmah, who next entered Spain.	52	1997-1945
Tagus Ormah The Togarmah, son of Gomer, of the Bible (Gen. 10:2). Late Latin writers split his name into two syllables, and added Latin '-us' ending. Togarmah invaded Italy one year after his domination of Spain. Both were yet sparcely populated lands and afforded new, hospitable areas. During his reign he sent many bands to seek habitations elsewhere, ultimately passing eastward into the far northern reaches of Asia (Ezekiel 38:6). The Tagus River of Southern Spain was named for him.	30	1945-1915
Bet(us), or Boetus, (or 31) (1915-1884) son of Togarmah; Bet(us) gave his name to the Bet(us) river (now called Guadalquivir). In his day the children of Tarshish, known as Turditanians, in Spanish histories, settled the southwestern part of Spain. Boetus encouraged the development of learning. The children of Betus were soon forced to migrate out of Europe, with the rest of the family of Togarmah, and at length settled in Tibet -- which means the plateau of Bet! The family of Togarmah was superseded by an invasion from the south.	32	1915-1883

INVASION FROM AFRICA

Having become again a civilized land and wealthy due to changes in climate and the presence of many gold mines, Spain aroused the cupidity of Egyptian and other North African nations. Gerion or Deabus, a Lybian, with many men and ships invaded and conquered Spain and forced the Spaniards to dig gold for their African overlords. African cultural elements were introduced. Many Spanish slaves died from overwork under this tyranny. The history of this period is as follows:

Rulers of Spain (continued)	Lengths of Reign	Dates
Gerion, the giant Gerion was the seventh generation from Ham. He descended through Cush, Saba (the Seba of Gen. 10:7), Gog, Triton, Ammon and Hiarba (compare the last name with the Biblical 'Arba' of Joshua 15:13, who was the father of the Anakim glants).	34 (or 35)	1883-1849 (1884-1849)
The Lomnini The Lomnini were three giant sons of Gerion. They were allowed to continue to rule in the land after an invasion in 1849 by an Egyptian army under Osyris Denis (Dionysius in Greek)	42	1849-1807

Osyris slew Gerion in 1849, upon which part of his tribe took to ship and sailed to the New World. A tradition found among the Toltecs of Mexico and preserved by Ixtlilxochitl declares there once were giants in their land.

Even the date of the arrival of these giants has been preserved by the Toltec historian. It was 520 years after the flood. (Bancroft 'Native Races of the Pacific States', vol. V, p. 209. ) The year of the flood was 2370-2369. And 520 years AFTER the flood -- that is, after 2369 -- is 1849, the very year a great battle was fought in Spain during which Gerion was slain and many of the giants were expelled.

Later Indian tradition records the perishing of these giants in the New World in a struggle with the Indians.

One of the Lomnini in Spain, meanwhile, was given to wife a sister of Osyris. A son of the union, Norac, settled Sardinia and built the city of Norca. Sardinia is famous for traditionally being inhabited by giants who left the megalithic remains and giant tombs. Early British tradition also assigns to swarthy giants the building of many of the megalithic monuments or henges.

To avenge the death of their father, the three Lomnini brothers conspired with Typhon, brother of Osyris. Typhon assassinated his brother Osyris.

After the death of Osyris, Hercules appears on the scene. Rather than drench the whole land in a bloodbath, he challenged the three sons of Gerion to personal combat -- three against one -- and slew them all.

Hercules then turned the government of southern Spain over to Hispal, his son and one of his generals, and departed with the bulk of his army to Italy.

Who were Osyris, Typhon and Heracles of Spanish, Italian and North African tradition?

Note the time setting. These events are long after the death of Nimrod (2167) or of Miebis (2037), who was the second Osiris. The dates of these events correspond to the latter half of Dynasty II in Egypt. It is the period of the patriarch Jacob. The Hercules of these traditions has already been proofd to be Seir the Horite. In Spanish history Hercules is often referred to as 'Oron,' meaning the Horite. He was a king of Egypt -- a descendant of Horus. He slew the giant Antaeus, another king of Egypt, records Josephus the Jewish historian.

Who are all these supposedly mythological rulers?

The surprising answer is that they have all been listed in Volume I -- they are kings of the second half of Dynasty II of Egypt. Notice the parallels. Antaeus -- an opponent of Osiris -- was a man of giant stature. So was Sesochris (Neferkaseker), who reigned 1815-1767. Typhon, the slayer of Osiris, was pictured as a destroyer in the Greek traditions of this period. King Chaires (Aka) bore the title 'Destroyer.' His reign began also in 1815. Following a war in Egypt against the faction of Osiris III, he temporarily received the 'united kingdoms of Upper and Lower Egypt and the seal of the accursed one' -- Osiris.

Then who was Osiris III -- the Osiris Dionysius of Spanish history? None other than king Sendi (the Sethenes of Manetho). His body, according to the tradition, was cast into the Nile. Reports Weigall of him: 'No trace of the king's tomb has been found; and ... he seems to have met with disaster at the end' ('The History of the Pharaoh's', page 136).

And now notice Hercules in this same dynasty. Hercules -- the Seir the Horite of Scripture -- was renowned for having subdued Libya, and the vast territories that lie west of Egypt. He was called Heracles Libycus. Did one of the Pharaoh's of this same period conquer Libya?

Certainly -- Necherophes. Manetho records of him: 'In his reign Libya revolted, but, on account of an unexpected increase of the moon, they submitted through fear.'

Now to continue with the outline of Spanish history. Hercules -- Seir the Horite -- put Hispal his son over the country. He could be none other than Shobal of Genesis 36:20. It is common for a silent 'h' to appear before Spanish names. The successor to Hispal or Shobal was Hispan, a grandson of Hercules.

Is there a grandson of Seir the Horite by that name? See the name in Genesis 36:26 -- Eshban! He was a son of Dishon, another son of Seir. Now it ought to be plain why Scripture records the genealogy of this famous man. Without it, there would be no means of understanding who the rulers of these times were. When we come to Italian history, we shall see how they link up with the family of Jacob. Meantime, the history of Spain in chart form is presented below.

Rulers of Spain (continued)	Lengths of Reign	Dates
Hispal, son of Hercules He built the city Hispalis, later known as Sepila, now Seville.	17	1807-1790
Hispanus, grandson of Heracles	32	1790-1758

Gave his name to Hispania (Spain) in consequence of extending his rule (during his first year 1790-1789) into central and northern regions of the peninsula previously settled only by wild tribes. He built towers to control the region of Gallicia in Spain.

Once again Spanish history has a bearing on the New World. The attack by Hispanus on these rude tribes in the northern regions on the shores of the Bay of Biscay is recorded in Toltec history.

Ixtlilxochitl records that a second invasion from the east occurred 2236 years after the creation of man (Bancroft, vol. v, p. 209). Notice how this figure corresponds with both the Bible and Spanish history.

At the death of Hispanus, Hercules, that is, Seir the Horite, reappears in Spain and Western Europe in his old age.

Rulers of Spain (continued)	Lengths of Reign	Dates
Hercules	19	1758-1739

Note that these dates correspond exactly with those of his rule in Britain and Gaul. It is significant that Hercules' family should appear so prominently in

Western Europe. They must already have been driven out of Mt. Seir by Esau. Hercules left no heir to the Spanish throne He was succeeded by one of his generals.

ABRAHAM'S CHILDREN

Rulers of Spain (continued)	Lengths of Reign	Dates
Hesperus	11	1739-1728

Spanish records declare Hesperus to be one of the two captains (not his sons) who accompanied Hercules in his original exploits into Spain. He gave his name

Hesperus to Spain and Italy which in early times were called Hesperia Minor and Hesperia Major respectively.

He was driven out of Spain into Italy by his brother, who succeeded him.

Rulers of Spain (continued)	Lengths of Reign	Dates
Atlas Sometimes called Italus.	12 (10)	1728-1716 (1728-1718)

A brother of Hesperus, the other captain of Hercules, a famous astronomer; dethroned and exiled Hesperus.

Josephus, the Jewish historian, also wrote about these two famous captains of Hercules in 'Antiquities', I, xv. Here are his words: 'Abraham after this married Keturah' -- Genesis 25, 'by whom six sons were born to him ...' Then Josephus names Midian, a son of Abraham, who begat 'Ephas and Ophren,' called Ephah and Epher in the Bible. 'It is related of this Ophren, that he made war against Libya, and took it; and that his grandchildren, when they inhabited it, called it (from his name) Africa; and indeed Alexander Polyhistor gives his attestation to what I here say; who speaks thus: ' ... from the other two (Apher and Japhran) the country of Africa took its name; because these men were auxiliaries to Hercules, when he fought against Libya and Antaeus.' '

Josephus understood that the two famous captains of Hercules were the grandsons of Abraham.

Hesperus, who was later exiled in a family quarrel, was the Biblical Ephah. Atlas, the strong man and astronomer, was Epher. It is his line that continued to control the western Mediterranean for several generations.

The late Greek writers at times confused this Atlas, who was also known from Italian history as Atlas Italus Kitim (because he ruled the land of Kittim), with another Atlas. That other Atlas was surnamed Maurus and was the descendant, in Greek tradition, of Japetus and Asia.

Japetus or Iapetus was the Japheth of the Bible. Atlas Maurus is associated with Spain and North Africa because his people were migrating from the borders of Asia westward to the New World. The only son of Japheth whose children left Western Asia and Eastern Europe was Tiras.

Atlas Italus Kitim was succeeded by a son --

Rulers of Spain (continued)	Lengths of Reign	Dates
Oris or Sicorus, son of Atlas	44 (or 45)	1716-1672 (1718-1673)
Anus or Sicanus, son of Sicorus Gave his name to people whom he led through Italy to Sicily. From these Sicani the island of Sicily was anciently called Sicania.	31 (or 32)	1672-1641 (1673-1641)
Sicileus or Siculus, son of Sicorus Crossed into Italy. He changed the name of Sicania to Sicilia.	45 (or 44)	1641-1596 (1641-1597)
Lusus, son of Siculus He gave his name to Lusitania (now Portugal)	29 (or 60)	1596-1567 (1567-1507)
Ulus or Siculus, son of Lusus He was also known as Neptune. He had great fleets of ships.	64 (or 60)	1567-1503 (1567-1507)

Ulus again led an army into Sicily to aid the colonists whose presence there was still being opposed. At the close of his reign, in 1503, a city was founded on the coast of Spain by refugees from Greece. The year 1503 is the date of a great devastation in Thessaly, the flood of Deucalion, in which many perished. In this period -- the 'neolithic' -- the inhabitants of Thessaly were culturally like Mexican Indians ('The Origins of Greek Civilization', C. G. Starr, p. 17, footnote) Again notice the harmony of these records.

CHAOS IN SPAIN

Rulers of Spain (continued)	Lengths of Reign	Dates
Testa A descendant of Triton (thus related to Gerion), seized southwestern Spain and called himself king of Spain.	70	1503-1433
Romus, son of Testa In his third year 'Liber Pater,' or Bacchus (Iacchus), reduced Spain to his sway. He was from the East. His title belonged to Hesus the Mighty of Celtic tradition. Hesus was Joshua (Jesus in Greek). He pursued the Canaanites and drove them out of Western Europe	33	1433-1400
Palatuus, son of Romus	19	1400-1381
Cacus LiciniusA native prince who rebelled and deposed Palatuus in a year-long struggle.	36	1381-1345
Palatuus restored In his days Erithrus, king of Tyre, came to Spain.	6 (or 15)	1345-1339 (1345-1330)
Erithree, or Erithrus, king of Tyre	66	1339-1273
Corgoras Mellicola, son of Erithree He divided Spain into several provinces.	75	1273-1198
Hebides or Habis, grandson of Gorgoras	49 (or 64)	1198-1149 (1198-1134)

Following the recapture of Troy in 1149 many groups of people, conquered as well as conquerors, sought new homes. As a result several areas of western and northern Spain were populated. The Lydians achieved dominance after 1149 over all the Mediterranean region, heading the list of Thalassocracies or Sea Powers. Their dominion in Spain began in 1149. Each of the Sea Powers in turn dominated Spain until Nebuchadnezzar the Great of Babylon made Spain a part or the Chaldean Empire for 9 years. After that, the Spaniards of Gades invited the Carthaginians to come and rule over them. The Carthaginians remained until expelled by the expanding Roman Empire.

TIME OF THE SEA POWERS

As ancient Troy was the key to control of the Eastern Mediterranean, so Spain was to the Western Mediterranean. There are noticeable variations between the two regions that are worth noting. In volume I of the Compendium, in the chapter on Greek history, the list for the Eastern Mediterranean appears. Below is the Spanish evidence for the West, including the Atlantic littoral.

Sea Powers for Western Mediterranean to 530	Duration	Dates
Lydians	48	1149-1101
------------------------------
Thracians	86	970-884
Rhodians	20	884-864
Phrygians	26	864-838
Cyprians	39	838-799
Phoenicians	41	799-758
Egyptians	35	758-723
Milesians	29	723-694
Carians	48	694-646
Lesbians	68	646-578
Phocaeians	48	578-530

There is a gap deliberately inserted in this list. It is similar to attempts elsewhere to expurgate any record of the Pelasgians, who were the Hebrews of the Kingdom of Israel.

The missing item should be

Sea Powers for Western Mediterranean to 530	Duration	Dates
Pelasgians	131	1101-970

This list indicates that the Hebrews became dominant in Spain at the time the Lydians resettled in the Grecian world in 1101.

The 9 years of Nebuchadnezzar's dominion began in 578 and lasted until 569, the year his insanity commenced. He gained dominion over the Mediterranean through the Phocaeian fleets. Nebuchadnezzar established, as his representative in Spain a long-lived hero named Aganthonius who ruled 80 years (578-498) to the coming of the Carthaginians in 498.

With this, the early history of the Spanish is restored. Its important connection with Biblical and secular history is obvious -- and especially so when one remembers that Spanish historians also mention the 26 years' drought in Spain referred to in Irish Annals.

This was the famine in David's time, and precipitated the establishment of the Hebrew throne in Ireland.

September 25, 2011
0
Published in Compendium of World History
Written by LC Geerts

Volume 2 Chapter 7

COMPENDIUM OF WORLD HISTORY

VOLUME 2

A Dissertation Presented to The Faculty of the Ambassador College Graduate School of Education In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy

by Herman L. Hoeh

1963 1966, 1969 Edition

CHAPTER VII

THEY CROSSED THE ATLANTIC

The origin of the American Indian has puzzled Europeans from the day Columbus' sailors set foot on the Caribbean isle. Yet, just four centuries earlier, the New World was common knowledge to the educated in North Europe and the Iberian Peninsula. Its natives were even embracing the faith of the Roman Church, which had appointed an Icelander of noble birth as bishop over Iceland, Greenland and the lands of the New World! How did these facts all become lost?

THE LITTLE ICE AGE

One is so accustomed to read of 'Ice Ages' as events of the remote past, that it hardly occurs to the mind that thirteenth century Europeans witnessed a veritable Little Ice Age that completely severed communications between Europe and the New World. The Baltic froze over.

Vikings ceased to traverse the inhospitable Atlantic. In the New World the Land of the White Man -- Hvitramanna Land in Icelandic literature -- lost contact with Europe. Centuries later remnants of their population were found among the natives which had early traversed the Atlantic with them.

This chapter unfolds what really happened in Western Europe, and especially the British Isles and Denmark, from the days of Solomon to long after the fall of the Roman Empire. It will explain the astounding chronological connection between the rise of New World civilization and the sudden flight of tribes out of Northwest Europe.

WHITES DID NOT BECOME INDIANS

First, let us immediately banish a myth. White Europeans did not become Indians by merely settling in the New World and becoming lost!

The American Indians are not the 'Lost Tribes of Israel,' or Egyptians.

The American Indian looks as he does because his ancestors appeared that way before they traversed the waters of the Atlantic.

It may come as a surprise to learn it, but Europe and the Mediterranean world was early -- and comparatively late -- inhabited by 'Red Men.' Everyone has heard of the famous Phoenician sailors of the ancient Mediterranean world. They are known to have traveled far out into the Atlantic and to Northwestern Europe. The Greeks called them Phoenicians because that is what they were -- 'Red Men.' The word 'Phoenician' is derived from the Greek word for reddish dye. The ancient Egyptians painted the Phoenicians on their walled tombs and on papyri. Their skin color? Reddish. The Egyptians painted other peoples of Palestine white and black. They recognized three races of men living in Palestine in early ages.

Julius Firmicus, an early writer, stated that 'in Ethiopia all are born black; in Germany, white; and in Thrace, red.' Thrace was north of Greece and originally populated by the children of Tiras, son of Japheth (Gen. 10:2). It was from Thrace that Odin led the Agathyrsi and other tribes to Northwestern Europe when he founded the Danish kingdom.

Many of the warriors employed by the early princes of western Europe were fierce, of swarthy skin, naked and often tatooed and painted. Strabo, the Roman geographer, wrote that areas of Ireland and Britain were inhabited 'by men entirely wild.' Jerome, writing in one of his letters in the fifth century, characterizes some of them as cannibals: 'When they hunted the woods for prey, it is said they attacked the shepherd, rather than his flock; and that they curiously selected the most delicate and brawny parts, both of males and females, for their horrid repast.'

In the eighteenth century, Martin, in his volume 'Western Islands of Scotland', remarked that the complexion of the natives of the isle of Skye was 'for the most part black;' and the natives of Jura were 'generally black of complexion,' and of Arran, 'generally brown, and some of a black complexion.' The inhabitants of the Isle Gigay were 'fair or brown in complexion.' The American Indian -- commonly called the Red Man -- varies from copper brown to almost black, and, of course, almost white in some tribes.

And the famous literary companions Johnson and Boswell several times took notice of the swarthy color of some of the natives in the north and west of Scotland (Croker's 'Boswell', 1848, pp. 309-310, 316, 352). 'There was great diversity in the faces of the circle around us,' wrote Boswell; 'some were as black and wild in their appearance as any American savages whatever.' 'Our boatmen were rude singers, and seemed so like wild Indians, that a very little imagination was necessary to give one an impression of being upon an American river.'

A writer at the beginning of the nineteenth century characterized the people of Harris: 'In general the natives are of small stature .... the cheek bones are rather prominent. The complexion is of all tints.

Many individuals are as dark as mulattoes, while others are nearly as fair as Danes' ('Edinburgh New Philosophical Journal', No. vii, pp.142, 143).

In 'Pennant's Second Tour', 1772, is a line drawing of the wigwams of the half-breed natives of the Scottish Island of Jura. Here are natives, like American Indians, living in the remote islands of Europe, whose last remnants died out as late as the beginning of the nineteenth century.

AMERICAN INDIAN TRADITION

The common idea that American Indians had no means of preserving their history is a fiction based on the assumption that all Indians were on the same level of culture. Wild, rude tribes there were. But civilized nations existed too. They carefully preserved, among other things, the history of their journeys, and the duration of their habitation in the New World. When the Spanish conquistadors arrived in the New World they were amazed to find the Maya and Aztecs using bark paper to preserve history and daily records. It was obtained from the FICUS, a tree related to the mulberry. Bark was peeled off, beaten with a rubber mallet, and folded into sheets to make books. In Moctezuma's palace Bernal Diaz followed an 'accountant' who showed him 'all the revenue that was brought ... (and recorded) in his books which were made of paper which they call 'amatl', and he had a great house full of these books' (pages 184-185 of 'The Ancient Sun Kingdoms of the Americas', by von Hagen). Only a few escaped the book burning of the Spanish zealots, who sought to wipe out all vestiges of the previous culture and the lineage of their royal houses.

Some rare codices have been preserved, however. One is the 'Popol Vuh', a sacred book of the ancient Quiche Maya. In it are recorded the migrations and wanderings of their ancestors. It traces their origin eastward across the Atlantic Ocean to the Old World. Other Indians had similar origins of having to cross a great body of water from the northeast to reach their present land. (Later migrations, once they had arrived from the east, could take any direction.)

The writer of the Popul Vuh declared: 'They also multiplied there in the East .... All lived together, they existed in great numbers and walked there in the East .... There they were then, in great numbers, the black man and the white man, many of many classes, men of many tongues .... The speech of all was the same. They did not invoke wood nor stone, and they remembered the word of the Creator and the Maker

The Maya record continues: '... they came from the East ... they left there, from that great distance .... they crossed the sea' (pp. 181, 183). When they sought to establish their kingdom 'they decided to go to the East .... It had been a long time since their fathers had died East, there whence came our fathers.' Certainly they crossed the sea when they came there to the East, when they went to receive the investiture of the kingdom' (pp. 206-207).

To what line of great kings in the east were these Quiche Maya journeying? To the successors of the great ruler who conducted them, about 1000 B.C., to the Usumacinta River in Mexico.

ENTER VOTAN

The Mayas claim that their kingdom was founded by a great eastern ruler named Votan or Oden or Dan by various tribes. He was a white man who came by sea from the east and settled them in their new land. The time of their migration, according to Ordonez, was ten centuries before the present era. This Votan -- who was also worshipped as a god -- was famous for having himself journeyed to a land where a great temple was being built.

Do we have a king in Europe, living at the time Solomon's temple was being built (around 1000 B.C.), who had dominion over the seas, who was worshipped as a god, and whose name sounded like Votan? Indeed -- Woden or Odin, king of Denmark from 1040-999. He was worshipped later as a great god. Scandinavian literature is replete with accounts of his distant journeys which took him away from his homeland for many months, sometimes years.

Just as king Odin or Danus gave his name to Denmark -- Danmark -- so Odin gave his name to the 'forest of Dan' in the land of the Quiche Indians. (See pages 549 and 163 of volume V, 'Native Races of the Pacific States', by Hubert H. Bancroft.) 'Dan ... founded a monarchy on the Guatemalan plateau' (Bancroft, vol. I, p. 789). His capital, built for the Indians and their white suzerains, was named Amag-Dan.

Here we have the records of Danish kings, as early as 1000 years before the birth of Christ, sailing to the New World and planting colonies of Red Men from Europe in the Yucatan and Guatemalan highlands. Is it any wonder that it was the Danes, of all nations of Europe, who continued to communicate with the New World in the days of Eric the Red? It was the king of Denmark who ruled over Iceland in the days of Christopher Columbus. Before Columbus awakened the sleepy Mediterranean world by his important journey across the Atlantic, he first sailed to Iceland where he obtained information for his fateful voyage.

And is it not significant that it was an Icelandic nobleman, Eric Gnupson, who was consecrated by Pope Pascal II as Bishop of Greenland and the neighboring regions ('regionumque finitimarum') in 1112? (See 'Conquest by Man', Paul Herrmann, p. 287.)

EARLY TIME OF MIGRATION

Tradition universally assigns white leadership to every major recorded historic migration of the American Indian from far to the northeast. The later history of Mexico commences with the establishment of a monarchy by the Toltecs of Mexico. The Toltecs were of white descent. They led and ruled over the Indians and spoke their languages.

Charnay wrote in the 'North American Review', October 1881, 'Physically Veytia describes the Toltec as a man of tall stature, white, and bearded.' A carved head of a 'noble Aztec,' on display in the National Museum, may be seen on plate 40 in George C. Vaillant's 'Aztecs of Mexico'. The noble Aztec was not an Indian at all, but a Norseman!

Little wonder that wherever the Spanish journeyed they found the ruling classes much lighter than the people over whom they ruled. On occasion the conquistadors thought their women as fair or fairer than their Spanish women.

'The Annals of the Cakchiquels -- Lords of Totonicapan' contains direct reference to the racial descent of the nobles who led and governed the natives to the New World.

'These, then, were the three nations of the Quiches, and they came from where the sun rises, descendants of Israel, of the same language and the same customs .... When they arrived at the edge of the sea,

Balam-qitze (a native title for one in a religious office) touched it with his staff and at once a path opened, which then closed up again, for thus the great God wished it to be done, because they were the sons of Abraham and Jacob. So it was that those three nations (the 'mixed multitude' of Exodus 12:38) passed through, and with them thirteen others called Vukamag' -- meaning the 13 tribes. Israel had altogether 13 tribes including Levi.

'We have written that which by tradition our ancestors told us, who came from the other part of the sea, who came from Civan-Tulan, bordering on Babylonia' page 170. Page 169 says they '.... came from the other part of the ocean, from where the sun rises.' (Translated by Delia Goetz; published by University of Oklahoma Press, 1953.)

Was the mysterious Civan-Tulan -- meaning in Indian dialects a place of caves or ravines -- the region of Petra, where Moses led the Children of Israel? Petra is famous for its caves. Canaanite Hivites, mixed with Egyptian stock, dwelt at Petra, or Mt. Seir, at the time of the Exodus (Genesis 36:2, 20, 24). They lived at peace with the Hebrews.

This settlement of Hivites was a region dominated by Midian. A high priest who visited the land of Midian and Moab in Moses' day was named Balaam -- almost the exact spelling in the Quiche-Maya title Balam used for priests!

The people led by Odin or Votan across the Atlantic to the New World were not exclusively the sons of Tiras from Thrace; some tribes were called Chivim, reports Ordonez the early Spanish writer. It is the very Hebrew spelling used for the English word Hivites, some of whom once lived in Mt. Seir, the land of caves, near Babylonia! So the Mexican Indians were a mixed people.

CHRONOLOGY OF MEXICO

No continuous history of the Quiche-Maya civilization is extant.

We have now to turn to the Valley of Mexico for direct and surprising connection with the movement of events in Scotland where dwelt the Picts and the Maiatai (Greek for Maia folk).

From Scottish history, covered in the previous chapter and in the first volume of the Compendium, it can be established that major migrations occurred in the years 376 -- when the Scots and allies were driven out and the Picts miserably oppressed -- and in 503 -- when the Scots from Ireland drove out most of the remaining wild Picts or painted men. Where did these folk flee to? Can we establish a direct connection between these events in Pictland with the history of migration to the Valley of Mexico of the Toltecs and others in the New World?

Indeed we can.

The nation of the Scots was utterly driven out by the Romans in the year 376. The Cruithne and Picts, who remained in the land as Roman allies, were soon miserably oppressed. Rebellion broke out. The Romans dealt severely with the fleeing rebels. The Cruithne and Picts besought and obtained Scottish help to drive out the Romans and their British allies.

Now compare this with the migration of the Toltecs and their white chieftains to Mexico. The historian of the Toltecs was Ixtlilxochitl.

He reports several migrations over the centuries. But the one he takes special note of -- for its chronological import -- commenced in 387. (See Bancroft's 'Native Races of the Pacific States', Vol. 5, pp. 209, 214.) The events were these -- a rebellion broke out that led to a protracted struggle for eight years. The rebels were finally forced to flee in 384 for protection. After remaining 3 years (to 387) they continued their lengthy migration. It was now 11 years after the initial rebellion. Eleven years before 387 is 376 -- the very year the Romans drove out the Scots and suppressed the Painted Red Men of Pictland! Is this mere coincidence? Their migration took them over water and land till they reached Jalisco in Mexico. To do so they must have landed in the traditional area of the Usumacinta River, crossed the isthmus, and coasted to Jalisco on the southern extremity of the Gulf of California. After wandering many years they settled in Tulancingo. 'The third year of their stay in Tulancingo completed ... one hundred and four years since the departure from the country,' records Bancroft from Ixtlilxochitl (vol. v, p. 213). (The 104 years compose two Indian calendar cycles of 52 years each.) It was now 488.

At Tulancingo they remained another 15 years -- to 503. In 503 they migrated to the Valley of Mexico to the region of Lake Texcoco.

What caused them to migrate in 503? Is this a significant date in Scottish history? Indeed. That was the year the Scots from Ireland finally settled in Scotland and drove the wild Pictish tribes out of the country.

Strengthened by a new influx of migrants, the Toltecs journeyed (in 503) to the already-settled shores of the lake on which Mexico City now stands. There, at Tullan, for six years the Toltecs lived under a theocratic republic, each chief directing the movement of his band in war and directing their needs in times of peace. 'But in the seventh year,' records Bancroft, 'after their arrival in Tollan, when the republic was yet in a state of peace and prosperity, undisturbed by foreign foes, the chiefs convened an assembly of the heads of families and the leading men. The object of the meeting was to effect a change in the form of their government, and to establish a monarchy.' It was agreed to accept, as king, a son of a neighboring Chichimec king to be supreme ruler. 'Immediately after the accession of the young monarch' in 510, 'a law was established by him and his counsellors to the effect that no king should reign more than fifty-two years, but at the expiration of this term should abdicate in favor of his eldest son, whom he might, however, still serve as adviser. Should the king die before the allotted time had elapsed, it was provided that the state should be ruled during the unexpired term by magistrates chosen by the people' (pp. 244, 246).

This custom continued firmly established among the Toltecs at Tullan for many years. Later the practice was discontinued, though the Mexican Indians still continued to count time by 52 year cycles. The history of the American Indian from 510 to the coming of the Spanish has been carefully preserved by Ixtlilxochitl and in the Annals of Cuauhtitlan.

Modern writers in previous decades often carelessly discounted the value of these Indian records. But archaeology is forcing a renewed respect for the history of the New World as preserved by the native writers during the earliest days of the Spanish colonial period. The most readily accessible -- and one of the best works -- on early Mexico is -- 'Aztecs of Mexico', by G. C. Valliant, revised by Suzannah B. Valliant. Another useful source is Stokvis' 'Manuel'.

THE HISTORY OF TOLTECS AT TULLAN

The history of Tullan is the history of the Mayapan culture of Mexico. Earlier cultures are commonly found, but no continuous history exists before 510. The Toltecs were not the carriers of the culture of Teotihuacan, as is often stated by archaeologists (see p. 6 of Penguin edition of 'The Aztecs of Mexico' by Valliant).

The following is a summary of the history of Tullan (or Tula), restored in accordance with the earliest extant Aztec and Toltec records. Bancroft's 'Native Races of the Pacific States' may be consulted for the full story of events. It is a treasure-house of information.

(Note that the 'x' in Aztec names is pronounced as 'sh.') according to Ixtlilxochitl a struggle with Chichimecs occurred during the reign of Topiltzin.

Toltec Kings of Tulan	Lengths of Reign	Dates
Period of the Tullan	7	503-510
Republic under chieftains
Chalchiuhtlanetzin	52	510-562
Ixtlilcuechahauac	52	562-614
Huetzin I	52	614-666
Totepeuh I	52	666-718
Nacoxoc	52	718-770
Mitl-Tlacomihua	59	770-829
Queen Xihuiquenitzin	4	829-833
Izaccaltzin	52	833-885
Topiltzin I	74	885-959

Topiltzin was forced to flee leaving authority in the hands of the royal family of Ihuitimal. The confused conditions are reflected in the joint rulership presented in the next short succeeding chart. The parallel reigns also indicate that Toltec leadership was divided among powerful city-state princes in the growing Toltec Empire which spread itself in the Valley of Mexico.

Toltec Kings	Lengths of Reign	Dates
Mixcoatl Mazatin	65	804-869
Texcaltepocatl Huetzin	28	869-897
Ihuitimal	28( or 36)	897-925 (887-923)
Topiltzin I	22 (or 24)	925-947 (923-947)

The above chart indicates Ihuitimal succeeded his father in 897, but, according to the Annals of Cuauhtitlan, he replaced the fleeing Topiltzin in 887. Topiltzin returned in 923. Ihuitimal ended his reign two years later. Though Topiltzin continued on the throne to 959 (see first chart), he was succeeded in 947 as follows.

Kings of Tullan according to the Annals of Cuahtitlan	Lengths of Reign	Dates
Matlacxochitl	36	947- 983
Nauhyotzin I	14	983- 997
Queen Xiuhtlaltzin	4	997-1001
Matlaccoatzin	24 (or 28)	1001-102 (997-1025)
Tlilcoatzin	21	1025-1046
Huemac	75	1046-1121

Huemac is another name of Quetzalcoatl (Bancroft Vol. III, pp.267, 283-4). He was a ramous white man who came from the east with a religion that banned human sacrifice and used the symbol of the cross.

The name Quetzalcoatl, was originally that of an early Aztec god.

It was applied by Aztecs to any great priest who claimed to represent the deity. Huemac Quetzalcoatl disappeared and returned on several occasions during his 75 years, leaving the supreme government, in his absence, to contemporaries of the royal house. This white priest became famous over much of the New World. Who was he? And what religion was he bringing?

The answer is found by the date of his death 1121. Was there a famous white priest, with jurisdiction over areas of the Western Hemisphere who died in 1121?

Yes! Icelandic Bishop Eric Gnupson, whose domain included the New World! He died in 1121, the same year that Quetzalcoatl did. At his death in 1121 the Icelandic Thing (Parliament) met to request the pope that a new bishop be appointed (Conquest by Man, by Herrmann, pp. 286-287) . The religion of Quetzalcoatl was Roman Catholicism. When the Spanish missionaries later came to the Indians they were amazed to find so many parallels to the Catholic religion -- holy water, nuns, rosaries, the cross, penances and other traditions!

Contemporary with Huemac Quetzalcoatl were the following Tullan rulers:

Huemac II Atecpanecatl	35	1046-1081
Topiltzin Acxitl	33	1081-1114
Matlacxochitl Huemac III	2	1114-1116

Veytia gives 1116 as the date of the final overthrow of Tullan at the coming of the Aztecs (Hist. Ant. Mej., bk. 1, pp. 287-304. ) See also Bancroft, vol. 5., p. 325.

THE CITY-STATE OF CULHUACAN

A major expansion of the Toltecs occurred at the close of the end of the fourth 52 year cycle -- in 718. In that year a branch of the royal lineage founded Culhuacan. It suffered a major reverse in the year 1063 at the hands of the Chichimecs who established a new dynasty in Texcoco. The following chart covers the kings of Culhuacan until that defeat.

Kings of Culhuacan	Lengths of Reign	Dates
Nauhyotl I	50	718- 768
Mixcohuatl Camaxtli	78	768- 846
Totepueh I Nonohyatcatl I
Yohuallatonac I	59	846- 905
Quetzallacxoyatl	49	905- 954
Chalchiuh-Tlatonac I	32	954- 986
Totepeuh II	41	986-1027
Nauhyotl II	36	1027-1063

For five years (1063-1068) the local government of Culhuacan was in the hands of a Toltec noble Xiuhtemoc, to whom the late king's children were confided. The year after the defeat, a young son of the king was placed on the throne under the tutelage of Xiuhtemoc.

Kings of Culhuacan	Lengths of Reign	Dates
Nauhyotl III	60	1064-1124
Cuanhtexpetlatzin	57	1124-1181
Huetzin	21	1181-1202
Nonoalcatl	21	1202-1223
Achitometl	14	1223-1237
Cuauhtonal	14	1237-1251
NEW LINEAGE BEGINS
Mazatzin	23	1251-1274
Quetzaltzin	13	1274-1287
Chalchiuhtlatonac II	17	1287-1304
Cuauhtlix	7	1304-1311
Yohuallatonac	10	1311-1321
Tziuhtecatzin	13	1321-1334
Xihuitlemoc	18	1334-1352
Coxcox	24	1352-1376
Acamapichtli	12	1376-1388
Achitometl	12	1388-1400
Nauhyotl	13	1400-1413

The central government in the Valley of Mexico now passed into the hands of the Aztec ruler of Tenochtitlan. Prior to the Aztec dominion, the Chichimecs at Texcoco were a dominant Indian tribe. Their power commenced with the defeat of Tullan in 1063.

THE CHICHIMECS AT TEXCOCO

Chichimec Kings of Texcoco	Lengths of Reign	Dates
Xolotl	17	1063-1180
After the era of Xolotl a new lineage begins.
Nopaltzin	31	1180-1211
Tlotzin Pochotl	35	1211-1246
Quinantzin Tlaltecatzin	59	1246-1305
Techotlala	52	1305-1357
Istlilxochitl (For this king Valliant has mistakenly dropped out an entire cycle of 52 years in his reign.)	61	1357-1418
Nezahualcoyotl	54	1418-1472
Nezahualpilli	44	1472-1516
Cacama	3	1516-1519

Spanish land in Vera Cruz, native rulers to 1550 continued with limited authority. During part of the reign of Istlilxochitl, two tyrants of Tepanec dominated the country. They are below.

Tepanec Tyrants at Azcapotzalco	Lengths of Reign	Dates
Tezozomoc	84	1343-1427
Maxtla	2	1427-1429

THE AZTECS

The Mexican Indians were, at the coming of the Spanish, under the Aztec sway. Many tribes readily accepted Spanish assistance to aid them in the overthrow of their oppressive rulers. They had yet to learn that new oppressors were coming in the guise of deliverers. The following outline illustrates the gradual rise to power of the Aztecs. The story of the final overthrow of the Aztec capital Tenochtitlan is so generally narrated as to need no repetition here. The city was established under Tezcuecuex in 1202 at the end of the reign of Huetzin of Culhuacan.

Aztecs of Tenochtitlan	Lengths of Reign	Dates
Tezcuecuex	33	1202-1235
Huitzilhuitl, called Mexi, after whom Mexico receives its name. Culhuacan seized Tenochtitlan. The city again became independent under Tenoch in 1325.	63	1235-1298
Tenoch, after whom the city of Tenochtitlan was named.	11	1325-1336
Tlacotin	1	1336-1337
Teuhtlehuac	12	1337-1349
LINEAGE BEGINS:
Queen Ilancueitl	34	1349-1383
Acamapichtli, reigns 8 years contemporary with previous queen.	20	1375-1395
Huitzilhuitl II	19	1395-1414
Chimalpopoca	14	1414-1428
Itzcoatl	12	1428-1440
Montezuma I	29	1440-1469
Azayacatl	12	1469-1481
Tizoc	5	1481-1486
Ahuitzetl	17	1486-1503
Montezuma II, in his reign the Spanish arrived.	17	1503-1520
Cuitlahuac (murdered on way to Honduras)	4 months	1520

The history of the Peruvian civilization must wait until Spanish history is presented. Other cities of lesser import have left us a record but those present here give the chronological outline from which a valid study of Mexican history can begin.

September 25, 2011
0
Published in Compendium of World History
Written by LC Geerts

Volume 2 Chapter 5

COMPENDIUM OF WORLD HISTORY

VOLUME 2

A Dissertation Presented to The Faculty of the Ambassador College Graduate School of Education In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy

by Herman L. Hoeh

1963 1966, 1969 Edition

CHAPTER V

THE CONQUESTS OF ODIN AND DANISH HISTORY

Many a school boy has heard of Odin, the great Norse hero. But how many realize that Odin was a real king of Denmark? That he founded the kingdom of Denmark in the days of David, king of Israel? That he visited Solomon's temple? of that Odin was the first Danish king to cross the Atlantic -- as did Danish Vikings centuries later?

For centuries Danes revered the history of their nation. Not until the atheistic educational philosophy of German schools permeated their country did the Danes discard the early history of their nation. Modern historians, imbued with the idea that myth was the only form in which early man knew how to write, treat all Danish history as myth. They have never investigated to see whether it were so. of course myth was grafted in the Middle Ages on the early history of Denmark. That tragedy befell all nations under the sway of religious superstition in the Middle Ages.

But that does not proof that the essential core of early Danish history is invalid. Today historians labor under the delusion that history was artificially created after traditional mythology had long been established. Not so. Recorded and traditional history around the world was carefully preserved in palaces and royal libraries. Only later did myth embrace history,

WHAT THE HISTORY OF DENMARK REVEALS

Now is the time to restore the lost history of Denmark. The most accessible outline of Danish history is that found in Anderson's 'Royal Genealogies'. Many other volumes contribute to the story, but only Anderson's work correctly preserves in English the chronology of the early period.

Danish written history properly begins with the first king to bear rule over the Danish or Cymbric peninsula. That king was Danus I. In Danish history he is also called Dan I. He was the first Odin or Votan -- from the Hebrew 'adonai' meaning 'lord.'

Denmark originally received its name from the tribe of the Danaan. It passed to the king who took the name of the subjects over whom he ruled.

King Dan I commenced his reign in 1040. This was the year of the break-up of the German realm. The division of German territory among the three sons of Wolfheim -- Kells, Gall and Hiller -- left the seafarers of the far northwest of Europe without leadership. To fill the void the German and Hebrew inhabitants of Denmark called upon the scion of the Trojan House to reign over them. That scion was Dan I. He lived at the time in Thrace.

THE GENEALOGY OF DAN I

The present kings of Northwestern Europe and Great Britain are all related to Dan I of Denmark. The 'Saxon Chronicle' commences the line of Dan I with the following two names: 'Noah, Sem.' Thereafter a long break occurs in the genealogy -- similar to the Biblical statement: 'Jesus Christ, the son of David, the son of Abraham' (Matthew l:l).

This gap in Odin's genealogy is partially filled in by the Icelandic 'Langfedgatal'. After Sem, the 'Langfedgatal' gives the following genealogy on Odin's father's side:

'Saturnus of Krit

Jupiter

Darius

Erichhonius

Troes

Ilus

Lamedon

Priam, King of Troy

Minon or Memnon, who married Priam's daughter. Their son was Tror, whom we call Thor, the father of Hloritha.

Thor

Einridi

Vingethorr

Vingener

Moda

Magi

Seskef, or Sescef.'

In Danish literature Seskef -- sometimes spelled Sceaf -- is a title of Odin. It means a 'sheaf' of grain. Odin claimed to be a kind of savior, or a lord. He laid claim to being the sheaf that symbolically represented the Messiah (Leviticus 23:9-14).

But why should Dan I, a king of Denmark, copy a ceremony perpetuated by the law of Moses? Is there a connection between Odin and Israel?

The answer is found in who Saturnus of Krit, ancestor of Odin, really was. In modern English the name would be Saturn of Crete. There were many Saturns in antiquity, often confused with one another. Usually the name was applied to a man who flees or who hides himself.

Saturn is a Latin word derived from a root meaning to flee into hiding. The Greek term was Kronos. This particular Saturn of Crete was so famous that the Phoenician historian Sanchoniathon spoke of him. Fragments of his works have been preserved by Eusebius in 'Preparation of the Gospel', book i, ch. x. Here are his words: 'For Kronus or (Saturn), whom the Phoenicians call Israel ....' ('Corey's Ancient Fragments of the Phoenician, Carthaginian, Babylonian, Egyptian and other Authors', by E. Richmond Hodges, page 21.)

Israel was the name of Jacob. That would make Odin a son of Shem and a son of Jacob. But why was Jacob called Saturn? Because Jacob became famous for fleeing or hiding from his enemies. Jacob's mother warned him of his brother Esau's wrath: 'Now, therefore, my son, hearken to my voice; and arise, flee thou to Laban my brother in Haran' (Genesis 27:43). 'And it was told Laban ... that Jacob was fled' -- this time back to Palestine. (Gen. 31:22).

But how is one to account for the title to Crete in Jacob's name? Certainly Jacob did not have title to it prior to descending into Egypt. The answer is, Jacob obtained it from Pharaoh in Egypt.

Here are the facts. Egypt was a vast Mediterranean power in the days of Jacob. One of the areas early settled by Egyptians was the island of Crete, an important naval gateway in the Mediterranean. From Crete -- Caphtor in Hebrew -- came the Philistines (Jer. 47:4 and Amos 9:7). The Philistines descended from Mizraim, father of the Egyptians (Gen. 10:13-14). Ruling over the Egyptians and Philistines in Crete and the eastern Nile Delta was a little-known dynasty of Egyptian kings. They are mentioned in the 'Book of Sothis' by Sncellus. Manetho does not include them among his dynasties.

The king of this dynasty, who was subject to the jurisdiction of the great Pharaoh in Egypt, was Rameses (l744-1715). Because of Joseph's service to the Egyptian government, the Pharaoh transferred primary title to the Land from the line of Rameses to the line of Israel -- and that included not only Goshen, but Crete!

And that is how Israel (Jacob) anciently obtained title to the island of Crete.

The 'Langfedgatal' genealogy of Odin of Denmark may therefore be clarified as follows:

Saturnus of Krit -- Israel or Jacob (1856-1709)

Jupiter, son of Saturn of Krit -- Judah

Darius, descendant of Jupiter (Judah) -- is Dara or Darda (see the family name in I Chronicles 2:4,6); Josephus calls him Dardanus (1477-1412); he fled Italy and founded Troy (the Norse geneaology skips the names of Tarah and Mahol between Judah and Darda)

Erichhonius -- Ericthonius (1412-1366), second king of Troy

Troes -- Tros (1366-1326), third king of Troy

Ilus -- Illus (1326-1277), fourth king of Troy

Lamedon -- Laomedon (1277-1233), fifth king of Troy

Priam -- Priamus (1233-1181), king of Troy during first Trojan war.

Eighth in descent from Priam was Seskef, who was Danus I or Odin (Votan), first king of Denmark -- 1040-999. Odin was a Hebrew, of the line of Judah, from whom the chief rulers were to come. 'For Judah prevailed above his brethren, and of him came the chief ruler' (I Chron. 5:2).

Now consider over whom Odin ruled in Northwest Europe.

'HU THE MIGHTY'

King Danus' realm extended far beyond the reaches of the Danish peninsula. The people over whom he ruled were a collection of tribes which constituted the greatest sea power of the time -- the Pelasgians or sea people. From the list of sea powers, commented on in Volume I of the Compendium, it is proofd that the Pelasgians were Hebrews and their allies. Their chief center of habitation was Palestine. Denmark was one of several overseas settlements. Israel gained power in 1057, shortly before the break-up of Germany in Europe. They retained it until 972, when Solomon's kingdom in Palestine was split. For the Israelites to have obtained dominion of the sea in 1057 in the Mediterranean and Atlantic presupposes that they already were living along the western shores of Europe before that date.

When and how did the Children of Israel migrate to Western Europe? The answer is found in Cymbric or Welsh history.

A fragmentary Welsh record, called the Welsh Triad, reads as follows: 'First was the race of the Cymry, who came with Hu Gadarn to Ynys Prydain.' Hu came from 'the land of summer' -- a land located somewhere in what later constituted the realm of Constantinople (the capital of the eastern Roman Empire). He journeyed to Ynys Pridain -- the Welsh name of the Isle of Britain. This first major settlement preceded the migration in 1149 of Brutus of Troy to Britain.

Who was Hu Gadarn? Gadarn is a Welsh word. It means the 'Mighty.' Hu was a short form of the Old Celtic name Hesus ('Origines Celticae', by Edwin Guest, vol. 2, p. 9). Hesus is the Celtic -- and also the Spanish -- pronunciation of Jesus. Was there a famous 'Jesus' who lived in the balmy summerland of the eastern Mediterranean centuries before the time of Jesus the Christ? Most certainly! It is found in Hebrews 4:8, 'For if Jesus that is, Joshua) had given them rest, then would he not afterward have spoken of another day.'

Jesus was merely the Greek form of the Hebrew name Joshua. Hu or Hesus the Mighty was Joshua the Mighty, the great general who led Israel into Palestine. And the Welsh Triad records that in his later years he also settled Israel peaceably in the British Isle. From there, for trading purposes, they spread to the coasts of the continent which were subject to the German Cymry -- the descendants of the German king Cimbrus (1679-1635). That is how Israel in Denmark came to be known by the tribal name of Cymry.

As time elapsed the peninsula of Denmark became a chief area of trade and commerce. It is strategically located to dominate both North and Baltic sea trade. So together with the original German tribes of the Cymry and Dauciones were migrants from Britain. In 1040 the Hebrew Cymry called for a descendant of Judah, a royal scion of the House of Troy, to rule over them. Odin answered the call and led a migration out of Thrace into Denmark and neighboring regions. The deeds of Odin upon becoming king over the Cymry (sometimes spelled Cymbri) will be included in a later section on the American Indian.

THE KINGS OF DENMARK

Below is the genealogical and historical line of Judah that descended from Odin. Through intermarriage the line of Odin has permeated throughout Western Europe. Small wonder that the lion of Judah is the symbol on the coat of arms and shields of the royalty of Northwestern Europe.

Kings of Denmark	Lengths of Reign	Dates
1. Danus I, or Odin first king of Denmark	41	1040-999
2. Humblus, son of Odin	8	999-991
3. Lotherus, son of Odin	17	991-974
4. Boghius	5	974-969
5. Scioldus, son of Lotherus	80	969-889
6. Gram (or Gran) Slain by Suibdagerus, a king of Norway, in battle; wives were Groa a Swede, and Signe of Finland.	31	889-858
7. Suibdagerus King of Denmark, Sweden, and Norway, who, by force, married Gran's daughter and conquered Denmark.	40	858-818
8. Guthormus, son of Queen Signe Reigned 14 years contemporary with Suibdagerus.	14	832-818
9. Hadingus, another son of Signe and Gram	54	818-764
10. Frotho I, son of Hadingus	77	764-687
11. Haldanus I, son of Frotho	56	687-631
12. Rhoe, son of Haldanus	63	631-568
13. Helgo, son of Haldanus Reigned contemporary with his brother.	34	628-594
14. Rolvo, son of Helgo by his own daughter Ursa. Became king after death of Rhoe; was killed by Attile, king of Sweden, who conquered Denmark.	41	568-527
15. Hotherus, great-grandson of Hadingus, son of king Hotobrodus of Sweden. King of Denmark and Sweden.	42	527-485
16. Roric Slyngeband, son of Hotherus	49	485-436
17. Wigletus, son of Roric	48	436-388
18. Guitalchus	32	388-356
19. Vermundus, son of Wigletus	61	356-295
20. Uffe, son of Vermundus	30	295-265
21. Danus II, son of Uffe	37	265-228
22. Hugletus the Little, son of Danus II	52	228-176
23. Frotho II, son of Hugletus	30	176-146

DENMARK ENTERS ROMAN HISTORY

24. Danus III, son of Frotho In his time the German Cymbrians joined the Teutons in a terrible war against Rome in 113. Italy would have been conquered if the consul Marius had not defeated them utterly.	69	146- 77
25. Fridlevus I, the Swift, son of Danus	37	77- 40
26. Frotho III, the Pacific, son of Fridlevus ('A.D.') King of Denmark, Sweden and Norway.	54	40- 15
INTERREGNUM for nearly	4 years	15- 19
27. Hiarnus, a poet	2	19- 21
28. Fridlevus II, son of Frotho	12	21- 33
29. Frotho IV, the Liberal, son of Fridlevus	46	33- 79
30. Ingellus Wendemothius, son of Frotho	23	79-102
31. Olaus I, son of Ingellus	10	102-112
32. Haraldus I, reigned contemporary with brother	5	112-117
33. Frotho V, brother of Haraldus	19	112-131
34. Haraldus II, son of Haraldus I	10	131-141
35. Haldanus II, son of Haraldus II Reigned 10 years contemporary with brother, 5 years alone.	15	131-146
36. Unquinus, king of Gothland, succeeded son-in-law Haldanus in Denmark.	9	146-155
37. Sivaldus I, son of Unquinus	22	155-177
38. Sigarus, son of Sivaldus	13	177-190
39. Sivaldus II, son of Sigarus	11	190-201
INTERREGNUM -- Rule of 5 governors	40	201-241
40. Haldanus III, married Guritha, granddaughter of Sigarus.	20	241-261
41. Haraldus III, (Hilletand or Hilderand), son of Haldanus; died in Sweden after a seven-year war, during which time his daughter Haditha governed Denmark.	66	261-327
42. Olaus II, brother of Haditha	4	327-331
43. Osmund, son of Olaus	10	331-341
44. Sivardus I, son of Osmund	9	341-350
45. Buthlus, brother of Sivardus	1	350-351
46. Jarmericus, son of Sivardus	16	351-367
47. Broderus, son of Jarmericus	2	367-369
48. Sivaldus III, son of Broderus	9	370-379
49. Snio (or Sino), son of Silvaldus.	22	379-401

The next seven kings lived mostly abroad. They succeeded each other as father and son.

50. Roderic	10	401-411
51. Sueno I	55	411-467
52. Guitlachus	50	467-517
53. Haraldus IV	46	481-527
54. Eschyllus	16	527-543
55. Veremundus	78	543-621
56. Osmund II	75	621-696

The following kings lived in Denmark.

57. Biorno	4	696-701
58. Baldrus, son of Biorno	6	701-707
59. Haraldus V, son of Baldrus	8	707-715
60. Gormo I, son of Haraldus	50	715-765
61. Gotricus or Godfrey or Sigfrid, commences invasions of England 787	45	765-810
62. Olaus III Because Gotricus became the great legislator of the Danes, his reign is often begun from the year 777 as follows:	1	810-811
Gotricus (or Godfrey), called Sigfrid	33	777-810
Olaus III or Olabus	2	810-812

Continuing:

63. Hemmingius or Hemmingus or Heningus	4	812-816
64. Sivard II	2	816-818
65. Ringo, contemporary with Sivard II	2	816-818
66. Regner	13	818-831
67. Harald VI	3	818-821
68. Sivard III, the last heathen king of Denmark.	3	831-834

CHRISTIANITY INTRODUCED ON THE THRONE

69. Eric I, the first king of Denmark to adopt Christianity.

834-835

During much of this and the preceding period Denmark was plagued by joint reigns, disputed succession, and lesser kings who seized on part of the realm. Whole tribes left the peninsula to settle permanently in England. They were called Danes, but were, in fact, of Anglo-Saxon stock.

70. Eric II, called Barno, the Child	24	835-859
71. Canute I, surnamed the Small	20	859-879
72. Frotho VI	1	879-880
73. Gormo II (or Guthran or Gormund)	13	880-893
74. Harald VII, Parcus, or the Niggard	8	893-901
75. Gormo III or Guthram or or Godrum or Gormund	30	901-931
76. Harald VIII, called Blaatand	48	931-979
77. Sueno II or Suen-Otto, called Forked Beard	35	979-1014
78. Ericus, King of Sweden became King of Denmark in 988 for 7 years, till slain by his own servants, when Suen-Otto was restored by Scottish assistance.	7	988-995
79. Canute II or King Knut the Great, united Scandinavia under his realm, it fell apart at his death. Became king of England 1016.	21	1014-1035

From this date on any thorough work on Denmark will satisfactorily present its history. With the death of Canute a period of 2074 years ended since the founding of the monarchy.

September 25, 2011
0
Published in Compendium of World History
Written by LC Geerts

Volume 2 Chapter 4

COMPENDIUM OF WORLD HISTORY

VOLUME 2

A Dissertation Presented to The Faculty of the Ambassador College Graduate School of Education In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy

by Herman L. Hoeh

1963 1966, 1969 Edition

CHAPTER IV

JEWS GAIN POWER IN DANUBE CIVILIZATION

How did this unique influence of the Jews in Eastern Europe begin?

Scholars and historians -- many of them Jews -- have puzzled over the presence of the huge Jewish population in Eastern Europe. There is no recorded evidence that they migrated from Babylon after the Babylonian captivity. Nor are they the descendants from the destruction of Jerusalem by Titus in A.D. 70.

Who, then, brought the Jews into Eastern Europe seven centuries before the birth of Jesus.

The answer has been in the Bible all these years! It is found in II Kings 18:13-16. 'Now in the fourteenth year of king Hezekiah did Sennacherib king of Assyria come up against all the fortified cities of Judah, and took them. And Hezekiah king of Judah sent to the king of Assyria to Lachish, saying: 'I have offended; return from me; that which thou puttest on me will I bear.' And the king of Assyria appointed unto Hezekiah king of Judah three hundred talents of silver and thirty talents of gold. And Hezekiah gave him all the silver that was found in the house of the Lord, and in the treasures of the king's house. At that time did Hezekiah cut off the gold from the doors of the temple of the Lord, and from the door-posts which Hezekiah king of Judah had overlaid, and gave it to the king of Assyria.' A parallel account may be read in either II Chronicles 32 or Isaiah 36.

Notice the dates of this event -- the fourteenth year of Hezekiah -- 711-710. Sennacherib was at this time associated with his father on the throne of Assyria. A vigorous general, he captured all the fortified cities of Judah except Jerusalem, enslaved the inhabitants. Where he carried them had been unknown to historians. But the answer is preserved for us in the 'Austrian Chronicle'. He carried them into Eastern Europe along the Danube River. But how could an Assyrian king of Nineveh plant tens of thousands of Jewish captives in Europe? -- because Central Europe was then part of the Assyrian Empire.

JEWISH KINGS FROM AUSTRIAN CHRONICLE

Rulers	Lengths of Reign	Dates
Gennan, middle son of Peyman, became duke. He was overcome, records the Austrian Chronicle, by the Jews and was circumcised, accepted Jewish marriage customs, put away images and acknowledged the Hebrew faith. He called himself 'Gennan, a Jew.' There were not yet any Jewish noble, willing to give their daughters in marriage to him. So he died without wife and heir.	4	708-704
Nanman and Saptan, sons of Peyman, split the country. Nanman chose the lower and Septan the upper part. Nanman married a Hungarian duchess called Meynin (Mennin). Saptan became the Master over his brother and over all the land, also changed its name to Mittanauz. He married a Bohemian duchess called Salaim (Salan, Salann, Salim), who was a Jewess. They had two sons, Tanton and Rippan. Tanton died without wife before his father.	61	704-643
Rippan, a Jew, married a countess from Penenaw (Pennawe), named Menna. They had one son, Lantawz, and two daughters, Pamyn and Rachaym. Lantawz and Pamyn (Panym) died unmarried before their father.	57	643-586
Salant, a Jew, a duke from Hungary, married Rachaim. They had one son, Piltan II (Pilton, Pilkan) who died. After both this son and Salant had died, Rachaim remarried.	45	586-541
Laptan, a Jew from Bohemia, married Rachaim. Changed the name of the land from Mittanauz (Mittenaus) to Fannau (Fannawe). They died without an heir.	15	541-526
At that time there ruled a Jewish duke in Hungary, called Almantan. He usurped the power and conquered the dukedom of Fannaw. Almantan brought with him his wife, a Bohemian duchess, named Schlammyn (Schalmmyn). She was Jewish. They had two sons, Rantanaiz and Halman (Halbman). Halman became duke of Hungary.	40	526-486
Rantanaiz (Rattans), in his day the name of the land was changed from Fannaw to Aurata. He called himself 'Rattanaiz, a Jew.' Married Bohemian duchess called Sawlin (Sawlim). They had a son who died without name, and a daughter, Lenna.	57	486-429
Rettan, Hungarian duke, marries Lenna. He changed the name of the land from Aurata to Fyla. They had a son, Manton (Montan).	45	429-384
Flanton, married Sanna, a duchess from Bavaria. They had a son, Hegan and a daughter, Semyn. Hegan died unmarried before his father.	54	384-330
Rattan, a Hungarian duke, marries Semyn. They had one son, Attalon.	39	330-291
Attalon, married a Bohemian duchess, Magalim. They had three sons, Raban, Penyn and Effra, and Semna, a daughter. Semna died young. Penyn also died without wife and heir.	57	291-234
Raban (Rawan, Raban), married a Bohemian duchess called Sancta (Santta, Santla). They died without Elelr.	(6 months)	(234)
Effra, Attalon's youngest son, married Hungarian duchess, Samaym, who was Jewish. They had one son, Naban.	49	234-185
Naban, married a Hungarian duchess, a Jewess, Samanna. They had a son, Rolan, and a daughter, Signa who died unmarried.	52	185-133
Rolan (Nolan), changed the name of the land from Fyla to Rarasma. Married a Hungarian duchess, Sanna. They had two daughters, Eminna and Sanna. Eminna died unmarried.	32	133-101
Remar (Reinar, Reimar), a Bohemian duke, married Sanna. They had one son, Natan.	53	101- 48
Natan, married Hungarian duchess, Satym (Satyn). They had two daughters, Masym and Rachym.	41	48- 7
Masym, a duchess. She died before marrying. Her sister Rachym obtained the duchy.	2 1/2	7- 5
Raban (Naban), a Bohemian duke, married Rachim. They had two sons, Lanat (Lenat, Lamer, Laniar), and Sannet (Samet, Samer). Lanat died young.	51	5 B.C. to 47 A.D.
Sannet, married a Hungarian duchess, Enna. They had a son, Laban, and a daughter, Racha (spelled also Ratha, Rachaym, Rathaym). Laban died before his father.	34	47- 81
Saptan, duke from Bohemia married Racha. They had a son, Salamet (Salamer), and a daughter, Semna (Sanna, Senna). Salamet died unmarried before his father.	42	81-123
Rolant, a Bohemian duke marries Semna. They had a son, Rattan, a daughter, Amama II (Amania), and another son, Jannat (Jannas, Jannet, Jamer). Rattan and Amama died without heir before their father.	52	123-175
Jannat (Jannett Janner), changed the name of his inheritance from Rarasma to Corrodancia. Married a Bohemian duchess called Samanna. They had a son, Manton (Montan). With him ended the predominance of the Jewish faith, and the land lapsed again to Heathenism.	51	175-226
Manton	45	226-271

In his time heathen from Hungary and other lands forced Manton to become a heathen and to pray to images. 'He called himself Manton, a Heathen.' He married a heathen duchess from Hungary, named Signa. They had two sons, Natan (Mathan) and Reptan. Reptan died young and unmarried.

END OF JEWISH PREDOMINANCE

The sudden influx of heathenism in the hitherto predominantly Jewish patrimony was due to a mass migration from the east. This was the period of the last famous Odin or Wodan -- king of the Saxons from 256-300. He led numerous tribes from Eastern Europe following the Roman attack upon Dacia (the modern Romania). The story of Wodan will be made plain in a succeeding chapter.

Natan, married a duchess from Hungary named Salymna (Salynna). They had two sons, Salanata and Hemna (Hemma, Henna, Honna). The latter died without heir.	51	271-322
Salanata, married a Bohemian duchess called Alamynn. They had one son, Rattan, a heathen.	41	322-363
Rattan, married a Bohemian duchess, Sympna (Synna, Symna). They had a son, Fultan (Sultan, Fulkan, Fullan) who died without heir before his father.	32	363-395
Rolant, a heathen Hungarian duke was established in Corrodancia by the Romans. He brought along his wife, a Bohemian duchess called Salympna (Salymna). They had one son, Sattan.	51	395-446
Sattan, married a Hungarian duchess, Samynna. From now on the dukes in Corrodancia, were Catholic nobles. Sattan and Samynna died without an heir.	51	446-497

The Romans established Amman, a noble count, in Corrodancia. He secretly believed and practiced Catholicism.

Amman, changed the name of the land from Corrodancia to Avara. He brought along his wife Helena, a secret Christian. Later known as 'St. Amman' and 'St. Helena,' they converted much of the population. When the Romans found it out they slew Amman and many of the people, but not Helena. They had three sons, Johanns, Albrecht, and Dietreich. A11 three became dukes of Avara and changed the name to Osterland. They split the land and Johanns became the chief over his two brothers.	43	497-540
Johanns, married a noble countess from Rome called Anna. They had no heir. Albrecht became duke of Osterland, since Dietreich died shortly after Johanns.	32	540-572
Albrecht, changed the name of the land from Osterland to Oesterreich -- now the official name of Austria. He married a duchess from Bohemia, Katherin. They had a son Eberhart, a daughter Ann, and another son, Johanns. Johanns and Anna died shortly after their father.	31	572-603
Eberhart, married Osanna, a duchess from Bavaria. They had two sons, Jacob and Albrecht. They both died before father and mother Thereafter the land was turned into a margraviate.	32	603-635
Hainreich, duke from Bohemia was given Austria by the Roman emperor. Hainreich (Henry), became Margrave of Austria. He brought with him his wife, a duchess from Hungary named Ursula. They had no heir.	30	635-665
Otto -- Hainreich granted Austria to Otto of Hungary. He styled himself 'Otto, by the grace of God, Margrave of Austria and Duke of Hungary.' Married a duchess from Bohemia called Elsbet. They had two sons, Chunrat and Johans. Johans died young.	18	665-683
Chunrat, made the margraviate a dukedom. He styled himself 'Chunrat, by the grace of God a Roman king, always a multiplier of the empire, and duke of Austria. His wife was Anna, a Hungarian duchess. They had three sons, Hainreich, Steffan and Albrecht. They split the land and Albrecht became chief.	50	683-733
Albrecht, married a Bohemian duchess, Salme (Salome). They had two sons, Ludweig and Fridreich. They divided the land.	49	733-782
Ludweig, was the higher duke in Austria. Married a duchess from Hungary named Elena. They had a son, Johannes and a daughter, Dorothea, who died before her father.	32	782-814
Johannes, married a duchess from Bohemia called Anna. They had one son, Hainreich.	49	814-863
Hainreich, married a duchess from Hungary named Ursula. They had three sons, Johanns, Steffan and Philipp. Steffan and Philipp died young.	31	863-894
Johannes, married Margareta, duchess from Bohemia. They had two sons, Albrecht and Ludweig. Albrecht died unmarried prior to his father.	28	894-922
Ludweig, married a duchess from Hungary called Elsbet. They had one son, Albrecht.	42	922-964
Albrecht, married a duchess from Bohemia, Osanna. They had two sons, Ott and Hainreich. Ott died unmarried prior to his father.	28	964-992

Albrecht was a contemporary of Leopold, duke of the rising House of Babenberg. Leopold was appointed by Otto II of Germany as supreme ruler of the Austrian mark.

Hainreich, or Henry, succeeded; married a Hungarian duchess called Margareta. They had two sons, Peter and Johanns, and a daughter, Elisabet (Elspeth).	28	992-1020
Peter and Johanns Johanns was duke jointly with Peter of Austria for a year and a half, when he died without wife and heir. Peter 3 1021-1024 succeeded as duke for three years and also died without heir. His dukedom passed to the Babenbergs.	1 1/2	1020-1021

In 976 the chief authority in Austria had passed to the House of Babenberg. The powerful rule of the Babenbergs -- and the interrelationships of the royal families -- may be found in any thorough English or German history of Austria. The Babenbergs became extinct in 1246. Thereafter the realm passed into the hands of the famous Hapsburgs.

With this the history of early southeastern Europe, which began in the days of Abraham, closes.

September 25, 2011
1
Published in Compendium of World History
Written by LC Geerts

Volume 2 Chapter 2

COMPENDIUM OF WORLD HISTORY

VOLUME 2

A Dissertation Presented to The Faculty of the Ambassador College Graduate School of Education In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy

by Herman L. Hoeh

1963 1966, 1969 Edition

CHAPTER II

THE ANCIENT KINGS OF THE GERMANS

The settlement of the Assyrians and related peoples in early Europe is summarized by several writers in the early Middle Ages. The list of the early kings presented here is from the 'Bayerische Chronik' and 'Deutsche Chronik' by Johannes Turmair, Abensberg, 1526.

The traditional events assigned to each ancient German ruler are confirmed by both archaeological evidence and the fragmentary comments of classical historians.

The 'Bayerische Chronik' is very important for the history of Central Europe. It proofs that German history was correctly preserved in song and poetry and in contemporary written records down to Roman times. It further proofs that the length of time from the Flood to Roman times was accurately preserved except for an overlooked 24 years. This period was the 24 years from Abram's year 75 to his year 99. The later chroniclers, who placed in parallel German and Hebrew history, universally reckoned the 430 years from the Covenant that was confirmed with Abraham to Sinai as beginning when Abram was 75 years old, instead of 99. They therefore placed the Flood 24 years too late in history.

The German chronicles that were the basis of Turmair's work placed the Flood 131 years before the coming of the German patriarch Tuisto into Europe. They should have reckoned 131 plus 24 -- that is, 155 years. With this one exception, all dates from Tuisto down to the burning of Rome in 390 B.C. need no correction. All that is necessary is to add the separate lengths of reign. There are no missing lengths of reign.

German history commences with an extensive settlement of farmers in Europe from the Don River to the Rhine. The date of this migration into Europe from Mesopotamia and the Near East is placed at 2214 B.C. by German history -- just 155 years after the Flood and 40 years after the Tower of Babel.

BEGINNING OF GERMAN OR ASSYRIAN HISTORY

The real beginnings of Assyrian history were not presented in Volume I. They are restored here. One account begins with the reign of Nimrod in 2194 -- after the 60-year reign of Cush. Cush was the first Belus -- the word means 'lord' -- who bore rule after the Flood.

Early Rulers of Assyria and Babylon	Lengths of Reign	Dates
Saturn: the Nimrod of Scripture, known also as Ninus I.	56	2194-2138
Belus: great lord of Assyria -- a title of Shem as lord over all his family. The title was later taken by Asshur.	55	2138-2083
Ninus II: conquered the Middle East in 17 years (2100-2083), while his father was recognized as supreme ruler, (see Diodorus Siculus). Ninus is the name of Asshur used by classical writers.	52	2100-2048
Semiramis or Ishtar	42	2048-2006
Ninyas: called Zames (see Vol. 1 for history).	38	2006-1968

THE EARLY SETTLERS OF EUROPE

The 'Bavarian Chronicle' records in detail the earliest settlers of Europe after the Deluge. Their encampments and habitations have been recovered by archaeological research and are labeled the 'Neolithic' migrations that traversed the Danube and adjoining valleys.

Shem or Tuitsch came into Europe with members of his family, as well as with certain of the sons of Japheth and two of the sons of Ham who were of the white stock. From these have descended most of the present-day nations of Europe. The descendants of Shem include many sons of Joktan, son of Heber, and a number of the sons of Mash, son of Aram. The Biblical names (Genesis 10) of the grandsons and great-grandsons of Shem are clearly preserved in most instances by the 'Chronicle'. In the following chart, together with the names of the patriarchal settlers, appear either the areas settled, the tribes which sprang from them, or their Biblical names. An historical or classical map should be consulted for location of geographic names. In later times the descendants of these early heroes migrated west, south, north and east under population pressure.

Dukes settled by Shem in Europe	Identity, or Area settled
1. Sarmata, son of Joktan	Settled Sarmtia; is the Hazarmaveth of Gen. 10:26; colonized south Arabia; a son Tanaus gave his name to the river Tanais, now called the Don.
2. Dacus, son of Mash, grandson of Aram	settled Dacia, later also colonized in Denmark
3. Geta, another son of Mash (included in Anderson's 'Royal Genealogies', but not in 'Bavarian Chronicle')	from whom came certain of the Getae of Roman history
4. Gotha Gether (v .23)	from whom came the Goths
5. Tibiscus, late Latin spelling of Tiobo, an Italian spelling of Jobab (Gen. 10:29)	settled on the river Theiss or Tibiscus; descendants migrated into Germany (see 'Encyclopedia Britannica', article 'Archaeology')
6. Moesa, Mash (Gen. 10:23)	settled Mysia and Moesia
7. Phrygus, or Brigus, son of Mash (Gen. 10:23)	settled in Phrygia and Europe
8. Thynus, son of Mash	settled Bithynia in Asia Minor
9. Dalmata, Almodad (v. 26)	settled Dalmatia on Adriatic
10. Jader, Jerah (v .26), his descendants also settled in Arabia	founded the port called Jaderia Colonia in Illyria
11. Albanus or Albion, Abimael (v. 28)	for whom Albania is named, and also Albion or Britain; his descendants early migrated to the Isle of Britain
12. Sabus or Sau, Sheba (v. 28)	settled on the river Save; migrated to Italy as Sabines
13. Pannus or Benno, son of Mash	settled Pannonia
14. Sala or Salon Shelah (v. 24)	built the town Sala; gave his name to river Sal
15. Azalus or Aezel, Uzal (v. 27)	ancestor of the Azali; also settled in Aezeland in Pannonia
16. Hister, the Joktan of the Bible (Gen. 10:25)	settled Istria; Hister means same in Indo-European tongues that Joktan does in Hebrew -- water course (Rawlinson, 'Ancient History')
17. Adulas or Adler, Hadoram (v. 27); colonized in Arabia	anciently dwelt on Upper Rhine; his son Than gave his name to the river Thonau, now called the Danube
18. Dicla, Diklah (v. 27)	thought to have dwelt on Upper Rhine; his descendants later migrated to Gedrosia in Persia
l9. Obalus or Elb, Obal (v. 28)	from him the river Elbe takes its name
20. Epirus Ophir (v. 29)	colonized Asia from Epirus
21. Eber	built Ebersau -- the Eburodunum of Ptolemy's map
22. Hoeril, Havilah (Gen. 10:29)	gave his name to river Havel or Havila (Jacobus Schatz: 'Atlas Homannianus Illustratus', p. 121); from him descended the Heruli

The white descendants of the following patriarchs also colonized parts of Europe:

23. Arcadius, father of the Arkites (Gen. 10:17)	settled Arcadia in Greece
24. Emathius, father of Hamathites (Gen. 10:18)	settled Emathia in Macedonia
25. Tiras, son of Japheth	colonized Thrace
26. Moska, Meshech -- son of Japheth	colonized east of the Carpathians
27. Javan, son of Japheth	Hebrew name for Greece is Javan
28. Thubal, son of Japheth	Josephus records that certain of his children settled Spain
29. Gomer, son of Japheth	dwelt for a time in Italy
30. Asch, Ashkenaz -- son of Gomer	his descencants mixed with the Goths -- whence Jews who settled in Central Europe acquired name of Ashkenazim
31. Reif or Rus, Riphath -- son of Gomer	settled in Scythia and White Russia
32. Tagus, Togarmah -- son of Gomer	dwelt for a time in Southern Europe

KINGS OF ANCIENT GERMANY

Early Kings of German	Lengths of Reign	Dates
1. Tuitsch or Tuisto Chief of thirty-two dukes. Noah gave him all the land between the Don River and the Rhine or what was called Grossgermania. This is the beginning of the 'neolithic' settlement of Europe. Tuitsch is, according to all ancient German commentaries and chronicles, a son of Noah. But which son? Noah adopted Tuitsch's children as his own. The ancient Germans understood the name Tuitsch to be the title 'Teacher.' He was therefore the great patriarch of his family who taught the divine will to his children. Tuitsch is the father of Mannus (who is the Assyrian Ninus). The son of Mannus, Trebeta, is the same man who is called the son of Ninus in classical writers. The son of Mannus or Ninus -- Trebeta -- built Trier, the first town of Germany. Since the Bible calls this Ninus (who built Nineveh), Asshur, Tuitsch is therefore Shem! Tuitsch (Shem) left Europe for Egypt in 2038. His appearance in Egyptian chronological records of Dynasty I dates his arrival and government in 2037. From Armenia Tuitsch left 155 years after the Flood (131 plus 24) -- see the comments at the beginning of this chapter. With him were twenty-two descendants plus eight from Japheth and two from Ham. Tuitsch made his headquarters at Deutz (today Koeln-Deutz). The country is called Deutschland after him -- that is, the land of the great Patriarch or Teacher, Shem. In the 25th year of his reign (2190-2189) Tuitsch held a state assembly, divided lands among his descendants and ordained laws. He also brought more colonies from Mesopotamia.	176 (236)	2214-2038 (2214-1978)
2. Mannus or Mann For the last 60 years of Tuitsch's or Shem's reign in Germany, he governed his family from Egypt and Italy. It was not until 1978 that Mannus assumed the government over Western Europe, succeeding his father Tuitsch. At the beginning of his reign he sends out colonies to France and Asia Minor. His son Herman establishes the kingdoms of Phrygia, Mysia and Bithynia in Mannus' 34th year (1945-1944). Another son Trieber or Trebeta, built Trier. Nerus, another son, settled in the Netherlands. This Mannus is the Assyrian Ninus and is Asshur, son of Shem. Asshur means 'strength' in Hebrew and has the same sense as Mannus -- masculinity -- in German.	72 (66)	1978-1906 (1978-1912)
3. Eingeb or Ingaevon This son of Mannus or Ninus -- Asshur -- was the German Mercury. His wife Freia was the German Venus. He instituted the observance of Weinnachten of December 24. Eingeb is responsible for settling Germans on the North Sea from Denmark to Dunkirk. He sent his general Brigus from the Danube valley to secure Spain against the African Amazons (female warriors). Myrein, queen of the African Amazons advanced up the Danube but was defeated and slain by Eingeb's generals Seiphyl and Mopser.	36 (40)	1906-1870 (1912-1872)
4. Ausstaeb or Istaevon Son of Eingeb, Ausstaeb was the German Mars. From him are descended the Rheinlanders. In his days a great drought devastated Italy.	50 (52)	1870-1820 (1872-1820)
5. Herman Son of Ausstaeb. He taught the philosophy that war and to die in battle is most pleasing to God. He introduced the arts of warmaking to the Germans. The Druids began to flourish in Germany. Herman settled the heart of Germany, whose people were called Hermanduri or Hermiones after him.	63	1820-1757
6. Mers Son of Herman. The city of Merseburg is named after him. The Dithmarsii descended from him. Oryz, the Egyptian god-king Osiris, came with his wife Eisen up the Danube valley to Mers. They left Germany and went to Italy on their way back to Egypt. Cultural development of Germany through contact with Egypt in days of Joseph -- beer making, agriculture, forging and medicine were brought to Germany.	46	1757-1711
7. Gampar Son of Mers. He was the inventor of beer brewing. His daughter Araxa became one of the wives of Libys (the Egyptian and Spanish Hercules), the son of Oryz, and gave birth to Tuscus, Schyth, Agatyrsus, Peucinger and Gutho.	44	1711-1667
8. Schwab Son of Gampar. He gave his name to Schwaben. In his reign Eisen came to Germany and taught the people various crafts.	46	1667-1621
9. Wandler Son of Schwab. Ancestor of the German Wenden or Vandals, who were first known at the Weser, next in the countries north of the Elbe; afterwards, a colony went into Spain, then into Africa where they restored the Roman Empire; their kingdom was demolished by General Belisarius. The cities of Luebeck, Rostoch, Dantzig, and others are the relics of those first Vandals who did not migrate to North Africa. These German Vandals are different from the Wends called Slavi, Slavonians, Poles, Bohemians who settled in the ancient lands of the Vandals.	41	1621-1580
10. Deuto Son of Wandler, gave his name to the Teutones. He led a campaign into France and built there the cities of Vannes, Sens, Santgenge and Toulouse. He was deified as the German Mercury, as Eingeb had previously been.	27	1580-1553
11. Alman (Allmann or Altman) Son of Deuto, was the German Hercules. Famous for use of trained lions in war. Bore a lion in his shield. Bavarians, who descended from him, still use a lion on their coat of arms. He had many sons. Norein received Noricum (in Bavaria today). Norein was the father of part of the Bavarians. Haun was the father of the German Huns and lived with his brothers Glan and Schyter. Helvos was the father of the Helvetti in Switzerland. Baier ruled Bavaria. Mied and Math were the ancestors of the Mediomatrices in Alsace. Theur went to foreign lands.	64	1553-1489
12. Baier Son of Alman. He sent a great army of Germans and Wends from Germany, Denmark and Gothland to the Balkans. One group, the Goths under Gebreich and Vilmer, settled on the river Theissa and lived there as the Getae till the time of Valentinian. Another group, including the German Amazons, proceeded down the Danube valley to the Black Sea and on through the Crimea and the Palus Maeotis to Armenia and Cappadocia and the Taurus mountains. Here they were known as the Cimmerians. Baier was also known as Bojus of Bavaria since he was the ancestor of many Bavari. He built Prague.	60	1489-1429
13. Ingram or Ingramus Son of Baier. He sent many German colonists to Asia Minor. Tanhauser, king of the Germans in Asia Minor, and his priestess Schmirein, led a conquering army through Syria as far as Egypt. Built Hermenia, afterwards called Reginoberg (Ratisbon).	52	1429-1377
14. Adalger or Adelger Son of Ingram. German Amazons were again famous in his time under Queens Lautpotis and Martpeis. They crossed through Asia Minor to Lycia, but were defeated.	49	1377-1328
15. Larein Son of Adalger. This is the Laertes of Trojan fame, mentioned by the Roman historian Tacitus. During his rule an army set out from Germany and went via Poland and Ruthenia to the Danube valley. Here it was joined by Germans who had come to the area some 150 years earlier, and the combined forces fell into Asia Minor under their leader Mader and their queen Aloph. They passed through Phrygia and settled in Armenia.	51	1328-1277
16. Ylsing or Ulsing Son of Larein. This is the Trojan Ulysses of Tacitus. He is also the Greek Odysseus who sailed out to the Atlantic and up to the Rhine. Built Emmerick on the Main. During his reign the Germans under Galter again invaded Asia Minor and settled on the banks of the river Sangarius. Priam of Troy tried in vain to expel them, finally made a treaty, and they later helped him against the Greeks.	53	1277-1224
17. Brenner or Breno Son of Ylsing, in whose reign Prichs ruled the Germans on the Black Sea and the women under queen Themyschyr conquered Bithynia, Paphlagonia and Cappadocia.	38	1224-1186
18. Heccar (Hykar or Highter) Son of Brenner. He is the famous Hector of the First Trojan War. He was of great help to Priam. Teutschram, king of the Germans of Transylvania and son-in-law of Priam also sent help.	31	1186-1155
19. Frank (Francus or Franco) Son of Heccar. From him descended the German Franks or Franconians. In his days Amar, queen of the German Amazons, burned the temple in Ephesus.	41	1155-1114
20. Wolfheim Siclinger Son of Frank. He sent another great migration of settlers from Germany to the Black Sea.	58	1114-1056
21. Kels, Gal and Hillyr Sons of Wolfheim. They divided their father's realm after his death. Hillyr received Illyria, Gal received Gaul and Kels received Germany. Hillyr had three daughters and six sons, all of whom settled in the regions of the Balkans, Thrace and Greece.	50	1056-1006
22. Alber Son of Gal, ruled together with his six cousins. The center of his government was in France.	60	1006-946
23. Walther, Panno and Schard Another son of Gal, ruled together with Panno and Schard, the grandsons of Hillyr. From Walther Italy is called Walhen or Walschland. Panno gave his name to Pannonia. From Schard came the Schardinger or Schordisci.	62	946-884
24. Main, ngel and Treibl Sons of Walther, ruled jointly with Treibl, son of Panno. From ngel are descended the Angles who lived in Thringen and Meissen.	70	884-814
25. Myela, Laber and Penno They ruled jointly.	100	814-714
26. Venno and Helto Ruled jointly. Helto invaded and settled in Italy, expelling the former inhabitants.	70	714-644
27. Mader (Madyas) Made extensive conquests. He built Milan. He led a German campaign as far as Syria and Palestine. Of his sons, Balweis received Lombardy, Sigweis Bavaria, and Brenner Thringen and Meissen.	55	644-589
28. Brenner II and Koenman Brenner was the son of Mader. He was an 'Englnder' and king of the Schwaben. His wife was Thmrin (Tomyris), queen of the Getae, Dacians and Scythians. Brenner sent her troops to help in the war against Cyrus. He also defeated Darius who tried to invade the lower Danube region. Together Brenner and Thmrin conquered much of Asia Minor as far as Armenia. His nephew Knman, son of Sigweis, was king of the Bavarians. Brenner expelled Knman and 300,000 Bavarians from Bohemia and resettled that region with Schwaben, who then became known as Markmannen. Some of the expelled Bavarians settled in Bavaria proper, but by far the largest number of them crossed the Alps into Italy, from where they drove out some of the Etruscans. After the death of Knman, the Bavarians of Italy were ruled by the kings Zeck, Ber (who built Bern or Verona) and Breitmar.	110	589-479
29. Landein with his sons Antr and Rgr	80	479-399
30. Brenner III Son of Breitmar, was king over both Schwaben and Bavarians, and reigned over Germany and Italy. Under his leadership the Schwaben and Bavarians sacked Rome. He had sons Hrkaz, Matschr, Guotfrid and Schirm. His daughter Gueta was married to Philip of Macedon. Burning of Rome (July 390) occurred in his 9th year.	38	399-361
31. Schirm Son of Brenner III. He and his son Brenner IV ruled until 60 years after death of Alexander -- although Brenner IV dies earlier. Brenner led a massive German invasion into Greece, plundered Macedonia and the oracle at Delphi, but was killed in 279 B.C.		361-263
32. Thessel Son of Brenner IV, ruled jointly with his uncle Lauther and his brother Euring. Lauther, with his brother Lebmner, broke into Asia Minor with 20,000 men and settled in Cappadocia and Phrygia. Thessel's sons Breitmar, Ernvest and Wirdmr ruled over the Bavarians in Italy. His wife, Teutscha, was queen of Istria. The Romans defeated the Bavarians in Italy, killing Wirdmr and 40,000 of his men.	85	279-194
33. Dieth I Son of Thessel, ruled jointly with his son Diethmer. Diethmer invaded Palestine on behalf of Antiochus IV, took many Jews captive and settled them in Germany near Regensburg. Soon afterwards Hannibal attacked Italy and many of the Bavarians from Northern Italy joined him against Rome. After Hannibal's defeat there followed a war between the Romans and Bavarians in northern Italy which lasted 12 years. Finally, weary of fighting, the Bavarians left Italy, where they had dwelt for almost 400 years, and settled in Pannonia. Dieth was also driven from Italy, whereupon Diethmer, in retaliation, persuaded Philip V of Macedon to renew his hostilities with Rome. Entz and Olor, German kings in Istria and Transylvania, aided Philip, but Rome won. In Asia Minor Rome launched an attack against the German kings Orthjag, Gompelmer, Gudhor, Orgsgund and Eposgnad. These retreated eastward over the Halys, where they were defeated, sued for peace, and swore never to raid foreign nations again. The Romans also defeated king Entz of Istria.	no length given	194-172
34. Baermund and Synpol Ruled after the death of Dieth I and Diethmer.	45	172-127
35. Boiger, Kels and Teutenbuecher They ruled jointly over the Germans and Bavarians in 127 B.C. They gathered an army of 300,000 Saxons and Bavarians, intending to invade and resettle Italy, from which they had been driven some 70 years earlier. They were, however, defeated by Marius at Aquae Sextiae (102 B.C.) and Vercellae (101 B.C.). Boiger died, having reigned 27 years.	27	127-100
36. Scheirer Mithridates tried to enlist his aid in the struggles against Rome.	30	100-70
37. Ernst (Arionistus) and Vocho Ernst was king over Germany and France, his brother-in-law, Vocho, over Bavaria, Austria and Hungary. Ernst invaded France, fought there for 14 years, and settled it with 120,000 Germans. Next 33,000 Bavarians decided to go via France and Spain into Italy. They were joined by the Helvetti. Julius Caesar defeated them, sent the Helvetii back home, but allowed the Bavarians to settle in Burgundy. Caesar also defeated king Ernst.	20	70-50
38. Pernpeist He made a treaty with Persia against the Romans, made raids into Greece and even attacked Apulia and Naples by sea. The Bavarians, having been driven from Italy, lived near the Drave and Danube for 127 years. In the times of Ernst and Pernpeist they left their homes, sailed down the Danube and settled near the Vistula, Dniester and Dnieper, where they remained some 550 years. The name of the Bavarians is not encountered again for some 500 years, till the time of Attila.	10	50-40
39. Cotz, Dieth II and Creitschir		circa 40-13

In 13 B.C. Augustus made an attack against the Germans on the Danube. Later he settled 40,000 Westphalians, Hessians and Schwaben on the west bank of the Rhine.

Virtual anarchy now began to reign among the German tribes. There were anti-Roman and pro-Roman factions and these split whole tribes and even families. The ruling families soon killed each other off in family feuds and inter-tribal warfare.

The royal house that next dominated Germany came from the Sicambrian Franks. Their history appears later in the 'Compendium', chapter XII A.

September 25, 2011
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Written by LC Geerts

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Volume 2 Chapter 3

COMPENDIUM OF WORLD HISTORY

VOLUME 2

A Dissertation Presented to The Faculty of the Ambassador College Graduate School of Education In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy

by Herman L. Hoeh

1963 1966, 1969 Edition

CHAPTER III

ABRAHAM IN EARLY EUROPEAN HISTORY

For centuries students have been taught that Europe was one of late areas of the world to become civilized. Educational tradition would have us believe that Egyptians were erecting mighty temples of stone, had wide astronomical knowledge, knew how to write, thousands of years before Western Europe came to the threshold of civilization.

While Egyptians and Babylonians were arrayed in gorgeous robes and painted with cosmetics, historians would have Europe's forests sparcely populated with naked white savages. Europe's dominant place in world affairs is, we are told, a relatively new phenomenon.

Nothing could be further from the truth!

EUROPE'S EARLY HISTORY SUPPRESSED

European civilization -- and its history -- is as old as Egypt's. But it has been suppressed. Not since the close of the seventeenth century has it been allowed to be taught publicly.

It did not happen in a day. It took centuries of calculated plotting and ridicule to wipe from the pages of history the record of early Europe. Historians and theologians have conspired together to label Europe's early history as 'myth.'

Their motive is plain. If theologians and historians had allowed the early history of Europe to be taught in schools and universities, they would have had to admit the authenticity and the authority of the Bible. THAT they did not want to do.

Had they not expunged the early events of Europe every one today would be reading of the journeys of Noah, Shem, Heber, Asshur and many other Biblical heroes into Europe. Children would be reading in schools today of the early settlement of Assyrians and Chaldeans in Western Europe. They would know where the 'Ten Lost Tribes' of the House of Israel migrated.

All this has been purposely hidden. But it has not all been lost. Scattered through the writings of scholars of the fifteenth, sixteenth and seventeenth centuries are fragmentary records which unveil what really happened in Europe. In museums and libraries, in state archives are still to be found documents of hoary antiquity corroborating the Biblical record.

This chapter contains the account of one of those documents. It is a history of the Danubian Valley -- the area of Austria, Hungary, Bohemia, Bavaria and neighboring regions. The document is the 'Oesterreichische Chronik' -- the Austrian Chronicle. It has never before been rendered into modern English. A number of copies of the Chronicle are scattered throughout Europe. The last entry in the Chronicle is of the year 1404.

ABRAHAM IN THE AUSTRIAN CHRONICLE

The Austrian Chronicle begins its consecutive history with a man of princely birth -- none other than the patriarch Abraham! But what has Abraham to do with the history of the Danubian Valley in Europe? Very much.

The most ancient Greek name for the Danube River was the River Noe. Noe is the Greek form of the Hebrew Noah.

Noah was the patriarch of the whole human family following the flood. His patriarchal authority passed on to Shem, who superseded his older brother Japheth. In each succeeding generation the hereditary right of the firstborn was passed on from father to son. Terah was eighth in descent from Shem (Genesis 11:10-26), and the heir to Noah and Shem. Terah had, according to the Biblical record, three sons. The oldest, Haran, was born when Terah was 70 years old (Gen. 11:26). He died before his father Terah did (Gen 11:28). 'And Haran died in the presence of his father Terah in the land of his nativity, in Ur of the Chaldees.' Why Haran died young will be made plain shortly from the Austrian Chronicle.

Replacing Haran as heir was Terah's second son, Abram (whose name was later changed to Abraham).

In the year 1941 God called Abraham to forsake his kindred, his country -- everything. 'Now the Lord said unto Abram: 'Get thee out of thy country, and from thy kindred, and from thy father's house, unto the land that I will show thee. And I will bless thee, and make thy name great ...'' (Gen. 12:1-2).

Abram had to give up his hereditary privileges. Though he was a 'mighty prince' (Gen. 23:6), he willingly forsook his inherited rights. 'So Abram went, 'declares verse 4.

Now consider the Austrian Chronicle. It begins with the birth of Abram (he is called Abraham throughout the Chronicle) under the Assyrian Count Sattan of Aligem (sect 41). (Several of the earliest geographic names in the Chronicle are otherwise unknown from contemporary records.) Abram 'took to wife Susanna from the land of Samam, the daughter of Terromant and his wife Sanyet.'

Of this union we read in Scripture: 'And Abraham gave all that he had unto Isaac. But unto the sons of the concubines, that Abraham had, Abraham gave gifts, and he sent them away from Isaac his son, while he yet lived, eastward, unto the east country' -- Assyria (Gen. 25:5-6).

From the Austrian Chronicle we learn that 'Abraham and Susanna had a son Achaim.' Then 'Abraham of Temonaria and Count Sattan of Aligemorum had war with each other, till Abraham was driven from the land in poverty.' It was in this war that Haran, Abram's older brother, was slain. Abram was driven out of Count Sattan's realm and fled to the Danube River Valley in 1945, according to the Chronicle. There he built a home and settled until the death of Count Sattan.

It was now 1942 -- three years after Abram fled. Abram, according to the Chronicle, took Achaim and Susanna and went to the land of Judeisapta -- 'the Jews' land' -- Palestine, according to the Bible. (The later scribes who copied the Austrian Chronicle assumed it was the Danube Valley because Jews were later settled there also.) From Palestine Abraham sent away eastward to Assyria Susanna and Achaim (in Isaac's second year). From there they journeyed to the Danubian settlement Abram made years before. The previous chapter revealed that the Danubian Valley was then under Assyrian hegemony.

The following sequence of landgraves and dukes is taken from the standard text of the 'Oesterreichische Chronik' -- the Austrian Chronicle. Variations in spelling are at times included. The lengths of reign and dates are in every case those of the Chronicle, which correctly preserves the chronology beginning three years before the call of Abram.

Rulers	Lengths of Reign	Dates
Abraham	30	1945-1915
Susanna, Abraham's concubine, departs Palestine for Assyria, and then the Danubian Valley.	19	1915-1896
Achaim, Abraham and Susanna's son, married a Hungarian countess named Nannaym. They had four children; one daughter, Volim; another, Rawlint; a son, Laptan; and a third daughter, Remmanna.	45	1896-1851
Raban -- Volim's husband, a baron from Bohemia; they have one son, Laptan. He changed the name of his duchy from Arratim to Sawricz.	45	1851-1806
Laptan -- Raban and Volim's son, dies without wife and heir.	3	1806-1803
Laptan, Achaim's son, marries a countess from Bohemia by name of Rama. They added Steiermark to their hereditary land. Had two sons, Rimer and Nynter.	49	1803-1754
Rymer, died without wife and heir.	(6 months)	(1754)
Nymer (Nynter), made the margraviate to a dukedom, called himself 'Nynter, a Heathen, duke of Sawricz.' Married a duchess called Sinna. Only son is Lynal.	52	1754-1702
Lynal, called the land Sannas, after his wife; married a countess from Hungary called Synna. They had three children: a son, Rantan; a daughter, Lengna; and another son, Poyna.	32	1702-1670
Rantan, died without wife and heir.	(3 months)	(1670)
Poyna (Peynna, Pyna), Lynal's youngest son, married a duchess from Bohemia, named Sanna. They had four children: a daughter, Sinna, and three sons, Pynan, Lippan, and Rimman.	51	1670-1619
Pynan, died without wife and neir.	1	1619-1618
Lippan, died without wife and heir.	(14 days)	(1618)
Rymman, died without wife and heir.	(6 months)	(1618)
Zawan (Zaban, Sawan), Synna's husband, a Hungarian duke. They have one son Rattan.	61	1618-1557
Rattan (Nattan) marries a duchess from Bohemia, named Sanna. They had two sons, Reymar and Noro.	67	1557-1490
Reymar (Rymmar) died without wife and heir.	(1 1/2 months)	(1490)
Noro (Nero), marries a wife from Carinthia, named Lenna; they had two children, a daughter, Sanna; and a son, Aucz.	43	1490-1447
Aucz, changed the name of the land from Sannas to Pannaus, called him self 'Aucz, a Heathen.' Married Lenna, a duchess from Bohemia. They had one son, Nonas.	57	1447-1390
Nonas, marries Lenna, a duchess from Lanazz. They had a daughter, Sinna.	57	1390-1333
Tanton (Tonton), count from Panticz, marries Sinna; they had two sons, Tatan and Remar. Remar died before his father.	40	1333-1293
Tatan (Taton), marries duchess from Bohemia, named Synnan (Synna); both later buried at the Danube near Vienna. They had two daughters, Sanna and Lany (Lanus). Older daughter died a year after father.	61	1293-1232
Mantan (Manthan, Mathan), a duke from Bohemia, marries Lany. They had a` son, Manan.	49	1232-1183
Manan, marries Hungarian countess, Lenna. They had a son Nanaym, and a daughter Senna. Senna died before her father.	59	1183-1124
Nanaim (Nananaym, Nanaym) marries Menna (Manna), a Hungarian duchess. They had two daughters, Lenna and Zema (Sema), and a son Ramaim. Lenna died unmarried. Ramaim (Ramaym) died a year after his father.	38	1124-1086
Mangais (Mangaizz, Mangrizz, Magais), a duke from Hungary, marries Zema. He changes the name of the land from Pannauz (Pannawz) to Tantamo (Tantamus). He calls himself 'Mangais, a Heathen.' They had one son Manan.	46	1086-1040
Manan, marries a Bohemian duchess named Sinna (Suma, Sanna, Samia). They had one daughter, Semna (Senna).	55	1040-985
Laptan, a Hungarian duke marries Semna. They had one son, Lanan.	67	985-918
Lanan, married Sanna (Senna), a duchess from Bohemia. They had two daughters, Sanna and Senna, and a son, Maran. Senna died before her father.	51	918-867
Maran, died without wife and heir	(6 months)	(867)
Manay, a duke from Bohemia, marries Sanna. They had a son, Tantan (Tanton), and a daughter, Lemna (Lenna). Lemna died unmarried.	54	867-813
Tantan, married Hungarian duchess named Malan (Malon). They had two sons, Zanan (Sanan, Janan) and Peyman, and a daughter, Peynin (Peyn, Peymin).	57	813-756
Zanan, died without wife and heir.	(3 months)	(756)
Peyman, married Hungarian duchess named Lanna. They had three sons, Nanman (spelled also Nannan, Mannan, and Nanan), Gennan and Saptan.	48	756-708

After the death of Peyman and Lanna, who had both been heathen, the 'Oesterreichische Chronik' records that the whole country accepted the Jewish faith! The next chapter reveals how and why it happened!

September 25, 2011
1
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Written by LC Geerts

Compendium History Vol. 1

COMPENDIUM OF WORLD HISTORY

VOLUME 1

A Dissertation Presented to The Faculty of the Ambassador College Graduate School of Theology In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Theology

by Herman L. Hoeh

1962(1963-1965, 1967 Edition)

Chapter One ..... The Modern Interpretation of History A Radical New View How History Is Written Not Without Bias A Case History 'Anything but Historical Truth' History Involves Interpretation The Truth about the 'Historical Method' Evidence of God Rejected as 'Myth' History Cut from Its Moorings

Chapter Two ..... 6000 Years of History It Is Never Safe to Assume No 'Prehistory' of Man Cultures, Not 'Ages' Origin of the Study of History Historians Follow the Higher Critics Framework of History Founded on Egypt Is Egyptian History Correct? Distorting History

Chapter Three ..... History Begins at Babel History Corroborates the Bible On To Egypt The Chronology of Dynasty I Shem in Egypt Dynasty II of Thinis Joseph and the Seven Years' Famine The Exodus Pharaoh of the Exodus Dynasty IV -- The Pyramid Builders

Chapter Four ..... The Missing Half of Egypt's History The Story Unfolds Moses the General History of Upper Egypt The Great Theban Dynasty XII Who Was Rameses?

Chapter Five ..... Egypt After the Exodus Who Were the Invaders? The Great Shepherds Hyksos in Book of Sothis Amalekites after 1076

Chapter Six ..... The Revival of Egypt Dynasty XVIII The Biblical Parallel Shishak Captures Jerusalem Who Was Zerah the Ethiopian? Dynasty XVIII in Manetho The Book of Sothis

Chapter Seven ..... The Era of Confusion Egypt As It Really Was The Later Eighteenth Dynasty Manetho's Evidence The El-Amarna Letters Are the 'Habiru' Hebrews? After El-Amarna

Chapter Eight ..... Egypt to the Persian Conquest The 'Israel' Inscription The 'Thirteen Fatal Years' Nebuchadnezzar and Ramesses the Great Catching Up Loose Ends Dynasty XXV, the Ethiopians Dynasty XXVI of Sais Manetho's Account of Dynasty XXVI Book of Sothis and Dynasty XXVI Another Look at the Book of Sothis Appearance of Dynasty XXIV of Sais Who Was Usimare Piankhi? Dynasty XXIII of Tanis Dynasty XXII of Bubastis So-called Dynasty XXII Dynasty XXI of Tanis What Eratosthenes Revealed

Chapter Nine ..... The Eclipse of Egypt Answer in Ezekiel Persian Kings of Egypt Egypt Rebels And Now Dynasty XX of Thebes

Chapter Ten ..... It Began at Babel Mesopotamia Rediscovered What Archaeologists Learned Analyzing the Sumerian King List History Continues at Erech

Chapter Eleven ..... Berossus and Babylonian History Another Account of Earliest Dynasties First Dynasty of Ur and Successors Now Sargon of Akkad Dynasties IV and V of Erech The Guti Dynasty Three Other Dynasties Dynasty III of Ur Dynasty of Isin Dynasty IV of Kish and the '400 Years' Dynasty of Akshak Dates of Queen Ku-Baba

Chapter Twelve ..... Hammurabi to the Fall of Babylon Why Hammurabi Dated Early The Dynasty of Larsa When Did Hammurabi Reign Damiq-ilishu Reappears' Nebuchadnezzar the First Era of Nabonassar Three Succeeding Dynasties

Chapter Thirteen ..... History of Assyria Later Assyrian Kings Who Was Shalmaneser? Predecessors of Shalmaneser III King Pul and the Bible Tiglath-pileser I and Thutmose III

Chapter Fourteen ..... History of Assyria Concluded The Kassite Dynasty The Earliest Kassites The First 1000 Years of Assyrian History Analyzing the King List

Chapter Fifteen ..... Media, India, Japan and China The Revolts of the Medes History of Early India Early Indian Kings of Magadha Scythia and the History of Japan History of China

Chapter Sixteen ..... Asia Minor and the West Modern Mythology Beginnings of History The Proof of Language The Proof of Race The Kingdom of Mitanni and the Hurrians Who Were the Hurrians? Phrygians and Hatti

Chapter Seventeen ..... How Greek History Was Corrupted Greeks Admit Homer Was Demented The Plot Centers on Troy Homer and the Lydian Kings Restoring Greek History Kings of Corinth The History of Athens The History of Sicyon Enter Sparta Who Were the Heraclidae? The History of Argos Genealogy of Danaus Sea Powers of Aegean and Eastern Mediterranean The History of Italy

Chapter Eighteen ..... The History of Ireland How Confusion Arose in Irish History The First 1000 Years The Coming of the Milesians Did David Visit Ireland? Jerimiah Goes to Ireland The Milesian Kings The Throne in Scotland

Chapter Nineteen ..... Early Britain and Western Europe The Enigma Solved Early Europe The Heraclidae Kings The Trojans and Western Europe The Testimony of Archaeology

Chapter Twenty ..... The Proof of Archaeology Archaeology in the Aegean World Palestine, Syria and Archaeology The Coming of Israel into Palestine Mesopotamian Archaeology Northern Mesopotamia Egypt in Parallel

September 25, 2011
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Volume 2 Chapter 1

COMPENDIUM OF WORLD HISTORY

VOLUME 2

A Dissertation Presented to The Faculty of the Ambassador College Graduate School of Education In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy

by Herman L. Hoeh

1963 1966, 1969 Edition

CHAPTER I

EARLY HISTORY OF GERMANY

The time has come to reveal the true history of Europe.

The Germans for centuries have dominated the heartland of Western Europe. Because of the geographic position Germany's transportation lines constitute the vital arteries of the continent. Without the beating of the German heart, Europe would lose its economic and political prominence in world affairs.

Ancient Roman writers would have us believe that the Germans in the Roman heyday were mere barbarians, an insignificant people roaming the forests of northern Europe. Was this Roman report the whole truth? Were the ancient Roman writers keeping back from their people the facts of German history?

Rome conquered Spain, Gaul, Southern Britain, all North Africa to the Sahara, Illyria, Greece, Asia to the Euphrates. But Rome had to draw its boundary in the north along the Rhine. Why? Why was Rome not able to subdue all Germany? Why, after centuries of bloodshed, did Rome finally succumb to the hammer blows of the Germanic Goths and Vandals? It is high time we were told the true history of early Germany.

The origin of the German people in Europe is rooted in patriarchal times. The history of early Germany, suppressed by the Romans, was revived briefly in the German-dominated Middle Ages. But before the close of the seventeenth century not even the Germans remembered their past. It had been stamped out in the name of education and religion.

But not all was lost. From early documents and local traditions it is still possible to recover what has, in recent centuries, been buried under the rubble of modern educational superstition. The Germans themselves are in great part responsible for this condition. They fostered modern historical concepts. They have tried to hide their past even from themselves -- just as they did at the close of the Hitler era. If the Germans admitted to themselves and the world who they really are, all the world would recognize in Imperial Germany the reconstituted Assyrian Empire -- once the terror of all the civilized world!

ANTIQUITY OF THE GERMAN REICH

Germany has set herself up as the bulwark of European civilization. Germany for centuries has claimed to stand as the wall of defense against the barbarism of Asia.

The German Reich long endured as the oldest political institution in Continental Europe. The German people called their Reich the Holy Roman Empire. It bore rule over Europe for a thousand years. This 'Holy Roman Empire of the German People' was officially designated by the Church in the Middle Ages as 'The Kingdom of God' on earth. Its citizens, the Germans, felt themselves true Romans and bearers of the Christian Reich or kingdom. They were therefore the chosen people of the Christian era, entrusted with a world-mission to be the protectors of Christianity.

German leaders and philosophers have never forgotten this notion of the Middle Ages that the German, in place of the Jew, has a special mission from God.

This strange concept, which lies behind modern political thinking in Germany, is plainly stated in the German work 'Die Tragdie des Heiligen Reiches' -- in English, 'The Tragedy of the Holy Roman Empire.' It is by Friedrich Heer. It is a remarkable volume. It lays bare the reason for the secret motives of the German to dominate Europe -- and the world.

GERMANS SHAPE WORLD AFFAIRS

The story of the ancestry of the German people, and their role in prophecy, is one of the strangest stories ever written. It is gripping with interest, amazing -- yes, astounding!

'The History of Germany,' writes Bayard Taylor, 'is not the history of a nation, but of a race ... Thus, even before the fall of the Roman Empire, it becomes the main trunk out of which branch histories of nearly all European nations, and ... the connecting link between ancient and modern history. The records of no other race throw so much light upon the development of all civilized lands during a period of fifteen hundred years' ('History of Germany', page iii).

Germany has contributed more military leaders than any other nation in history. Its governments have, in the past, claimed the right to rule the 'Christian world.' The German State, from its beginning, has nearly always been a confederation of states -- often an empire of German ruling over non-German. It is the German people who, more than once, have believed themselves to be the 'Herrenvolk' -- the Master Race.

The German people number over one hundred million throughout the world today. They are composed of numerous small tribes. Nations, remember, are families grown big. Take Israel as an example. The nation Israel descended from one man, Jacob (who was renamed Israel upon his conversion -- Genesis 35:9-10). But Israel had 12 sons. His family therefore was divided into 12 tribes. One reads in the Bible about 'the 12 tribes of Israel' -- Judah, Dan, Ephraim, Levi, etc. (Genesis 49:28).

The same is true of the German people. of all these tribes, perhaps the most famous name to Americans is that of the Hessians. The British hired numerous Hessians in their effort to put down the American Revolution which began in 1776. The Hessians were known to Roman historians by the tribal name 'Hatti.' Other Germans bore the names 'Alemani' 'Suabi,' and 'Quadi,' the 'Casuri.' The Romans called them collectively Germani, meaning 'War-men' (from the 'Encyclopedia Britannica', article, 'Germany').

But from where did all these Germanic people come?

Here is the answer of history: 'There can be no doubt that they Black and Caspian seas,' states 'Smith's Classical Dictionary', article, 'Germania,' p. 361. Ancient historical records confirm this admission.

The Germans can be traced in historical records to the regions surrounding the Black and Caspian seas, which border on the ancient Biblical Mesopotamia. This is the region where civilization commenced and from where the patriarchs came!

THE ANSWER FOUND

Ancient German tradition claims that their oldest city, Trier, was founded by Trever or Trebeta, a son of Ninus, king of Assyria.

'The inhabitants of Trier maintain that their city is the oldest in all Europe,' writes Josef K. L. Bihl in his textbook 'In deutschen Landen', page 69. 'Trier was founded,' he continues, 'by Trebeta, a son of the famous Assyrian King Ninus. In fact, one finds ... in Trier the inscription reading, 'Trier existed for 1300 years before Rome was rebuilt.' '

Ninus, according to Roman, Greek and Persian records, was the first ruler who began the systematic conquest of the ancient world after the death of Nimrod. He established the Assyrian Empire as the chief power over Eastern Europe and Southwest Asia, reported Diodorus of Sicily in his History.

But how is it possible that the oldest German city, Trier, founded over 2000 years before the birth of Christ, should be built by a son of Ninus, the renowned King of ancient Assyria? What connection have the Germans with Assyria?

Jerome, who lived at the time when the Indo-Germanic tribes were invading Europe, provides this startling answer: 'For 'Assur (the Assyrian) also is joined with them' ' (Letter 123, sec. 16, 'Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers'; quote is from Psalm 83:8).

DID THE ASSYRIANS INVADE EUROPE?

Yes! Jerome said so! But how did he know?

He saw them! He was an eyewitness to their migrations from Mesopotamia and the shores of the Black and Caspian seas!

Now consider what Sylax, the author of the 'Periplus,' who lived about 550 B.C., writes of the southern shores of the Black Sea: 'The coast of the Black Sea ... is called Assyria' (from page 261 of Perrot and Chipiez's 'History of Art in Sardinia, Judaea, Syria and Asia Minor', Vol. II.) From there the Assyrians moved north.

Only 300 years before Jerome, the Roman naturalist Pliny the Elder declared the 'Assyriani' -- the Assyrians -- were dwelling north of the Black Sea ('Natural History', IV, 12, page 183). But the Assyrians did not remain there. They are not there today. of course not -- they migrated into Central Europe -- where the Germans live today!

WHAT DID ASSYRIANS LOOK LIKE?

What did the ancient Assyrians look like? Here is the answer: 'In the Zagros hills and across the plain to the Tigris, there lived a ... fair-haired ... people akin to the Guti (the Goths) who ... remained in what was afterwards Assyria, the neighbour land to Akkad' (page 5 of 'The Sumerians', by C. Leonard Woolley).

When the ancient Greek writers wanted to distinguish the Assyrians and their Hebrew captives from the Arameans or Syrians, the Greeks often called both Assyrians and their Hebrew captives 'Leucosyri' -- meaning 'whites' or 'blonds' as distinct from the very brunette Syrians who still live in Mesopotamia.

WHY GERMANS CALL THEMSELVES 'DEUTSCH'

The Germans do not call themselves 'German.' They refer to themselves as Deutschen, and to their country as Deutschland.

When the Assyrians or Germans appeared in Europe, they claimed Tuitsch as their ancestor! That is where the name 'Deutsch' comes from!

'Tuysco, the most ancient and peculiar god of all the Germans ... of this Tuisco, the first and chiefest man of many among the Germans, and after whom they do call themselves Tuytshen, that is, duytshes or duytsh people, I have already spoken.' So writes Verstegan in his 1605 publication entitled 'Restitution of Decayed Intelligence: in Antiquities'.

Whenever a German calls himself Deutsch, he is therefore saying he is a descendant of Tuitsch (Tuisco or Tuisto in Latin). And when he terms his country Deutschland, he is saying his land is Tuitsch's land. Who this Tuitsch is will be made plain in Chapter II.

WHAT LANGUAGE DID THEY SPEAK

European scholars have thoroughly studied the language of the land of Hatti -- the ancestors of the Hessians. It is an Indo-Germanic tongue -- numerous words of which were akin to Old High German. So many similarities were found that Edgar Sturtevant had to declare: 'To me it seems incredible that so remarkable a situation developed in two languages independently. I feel compelled to trace the Germanic ... to a common origin' with the language of Hatti -- common tongue of the Assyrians in Asia Minor (from 'A Comparative Grammar', page 240).

Scholars admit that for centuries the language of the people who inhabited Assyria was not merely Semitic. Semitic was the late literary language of Assyria -- the language of scholars, the language of international commerce. Modern historians and archaeologists assume that the common tongue of all Assyrian people was Semitic. They have no proof. So noted an Assyriologist as Sydney Smith admitted '... that the documents from Asia Minor and from east of Tigris are couched in Semitic dialects spoken by men unable to pronounce all the Semitic consonants ...' (p. xi, from 'Early History of Assyria to 1000 B.C.').

The same circumstance occurred during the Middle Ages all over Europe. The language of almost all European scholars -- and even their names -- until the time of the Protestant Reformation was Latin -- but Latin was not the common tongue of the people! Because most of the literature of Germany was in Latin during the Middle Ages does not proof that the common people spoke Latin.

SEMITIC BY RACE, NOT LANGUAGE

Asshur was a son of Shem. But after the tower of Babel, when the languages of the world were confused (Genesis 11), most Assyrians no longer spoke a Semitic tongue, but rather Indo-Germanic and related tongues! The Germans, therefore, are Semitic by race, but not by language!

In the days of Abraham, the Germans or Assyrians formed a great confederation of states or tribes, speaking several different languages (Josephus' 'Antiquities of the Jews', book I, ch. 9). One king of the Assyrians -- already discussed -- was 'Tidal, king of nations' (Genesis 14:1). The name Tidal is Indo-Germanic, not Semitic.

Most scholars have never been conscious of the fact that the use of the Semitic language in Assyria was due to the rising influence of the Aramaic people (Genesis 10:22) in Mesopotamia and certain of the sons of Abraham ('Antiquities', book I, ch. XV, sect. 1). So prominent did they become that Mesopotamia is called 'Padan-Aram' -- the plain of Aram -- in the Bible (Genesis 28:22).

September 25, 2011
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Volume 1 Bibliography

COMPENDIUM OF WORLD HISTORY

VOLUME 1

A Dissertation Presented to The Faculty of the Ambassador College Graduate School of Theology In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Theology

by Herman L. Hoeh

1962(1963-1965, 1967 Edition)

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THE SYRIAC TEXT

EDITED FROM THE MANUSCRIPTS IN LONDON, OXFORD, AND MUNICH

WITH AN ENGLISH TRANSLATION

BY ERNEST A. WALLIS BUDGE, M.A.

LATE SCHOLAR OF CHRIST'S COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE, AND TYRWHITT SCHOLAR ASSISTANT IN THE DEPARTMENT OF EGYPTIAN AND ASSYRIAN ANTIQUITIES, BRITISH MUSEUM

OXFORD AT THE CLARENDON PRESS 1886.

A HISTORY OF THE PATRIARCHS AND THE KINGS THEIR SUCCESSORS FROM THE CREATION TO THE CRUCIFIXION OF CHRIST

TRANSLATED FROM THE SYRIAC TEXT OF THE BRITISH MUSEUM MS. ADD. 25875

BY

SIR E. A. WALLIS BUDGE, KT.

M.A., LITT.D. (CAMBRIDGE), M.A., D.LITT. (OXFORD), D.LIT. (DURHAM), F.S.A.

SOMETIME KEEPER OF EGYPTIAN AND ASSYIRIAN ANTIQUITIES, BRITISH MUSEUM; CORRESPONDING MEMBER OF THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, LISBON; AND CORRESPONDING MEMBER OF THE PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA

With 16 plates and 8 illustrations in the text

LONDON THE RELIGIOUS TRACT SOCIETY

MANCHESTER, MADRID, LISBON, BUDAPEST

1927

Front piece

Imdugud, in Imgig, the lion-headed eagle of Ningirsu, the great god of Lagash

A page of the Book of Enoch

Translated in the late 1800's

by

Dr. S. C. Malan and Dr. E. Trumpp.

Translated into King James English from both the Arabic version and the Ethiopic version which was then published in The Forgotten Books of Eden in 1927 by The World Publishing Company.

Referred to in Joshua and Second Samuel

Faithfully Translated

FROM THE ORIGINAL HEBREW INTO ENGLISH

From The Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha of the Old Testament

A page of the Book of Jubilees

See the video about Jubilees in 20 parts:

The QUEEN of SHEBA AND HER ONLY SON MENYELEK

being

Translated from the Ethiopic

by SIR E. A. WALLIS BUDGE M.A., LITT.D., D.LITT., LIT.D. F.S.A.

Sometime Scholar of Christ's College, Cambridge Tyrwhitt Hebrew Scholar, and Keeper of the Department of Egyptian and Assyrian Antiqui- ties in the British Museum.

WITH THIRTY-TWO PLATES

MCMXXXII

OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS LONDON : HUMPHREY MILFORD

{Reduced to HTML by Christopher M. Weimer, September 2002}

ITS AUTHENTICITY ESTABLISHED AS A DIVINE AND ANCIENT RECORD

WITH COPIOUS REFERENCES TO ANCIENT AND MODERN AUTHORITIES

BY ELDER GEO. REYNOLDS.

1879 SALT LAKE CITY, UTAH

DESERET NEWS PRINTING AND PUBLISHING ESTABLISHMENT.

COMPENDIUM OF WORLD HISTORY

VOLUME 2

A Dissertation Presented to The Faculty of the Ambassador College Graduate School of Education In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy

by Herman L. Hoeh

1963 1966, 1969 Edition

CHAPTER XII

TROJAN MIGRATION TO FRANCE

TROJANS KINGS OF ISAURIA

TROJAN KINGS OF SICAMBRIA AND PANNONIA

KINGS OF AGRIPPINA

PRINCES OF BRABANT

DUKES OF BRABANT

KINGS OF FRISIA

DUKES OF FRISIA

SECOND GROUP OF KINGS OF FRISIA

TROJAN KINGS OF THE BELGIANS

KINGS OF THE CELTS IN GAUL

COMPENDIUM OF WORLD HISTORY

VOLUME 2

A Dissertation Presented to The Faculty of the Ambassador College Graduate School of Education In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy

by Herman L. Hoeh

1963 1966, 1969 Edition

CHAPTER XI

ANCIENT PERSIA AND TURKESTAN

EARLY KINGS OF PERSIA

Table of Persian Rulers

Dynasty of Kaianites

THE SECOND RACE

THE FIRST RACE

TURKESTAN, TURKS AND MONGOLS

OGUS KHAN

THE HISTORY OF ARMENIA

PATRIARCHS OF ARMENIA

KINGS OF ARMENIA

COMPENDIUM OF WORLD HISTORY

A HISTORY OF THE PATRIARCHS AND THE KINGS
THEIR SUCCESSORS FROM THE CREATION
TO THE CRUCIFIXION OF CHRIST

TRANSLATED FROM THE SYRIAC TEXT OF THE
BRITISH MUSEUM MS. ADD. 25875

M.A., LITT.D. (CAMBRIDGE), M.A., D.LITT. (OXFORD),
D.LIT. (DURHAM), F.S.A.

SOMETIME KEEPER OF EGYPTIAN AND ASSYIRIAN ANTIQUITIES, BRITISH MUSEUM;
CORRESPONDING MEMBER OF THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, LISBON; AND
CORRESPONDING MEMBER OF THE PHILOSOPHICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA

LONDON
THE RELIGIOUS TRACT SOCIETY

The QUEEN of SHEBA
AND HER ONLY SON
MENYELEK