THE BOOK OF THE DEAD
The Papyrus of Ani
by
E. A. WALLIS BUDGE
Late keeper of Assyrian and Egyptian
Antiquities
in the British Museum
[1895]
PLATE XXXII.
"Hail, Tmu in thine hour, who comest forth from Tattu,
I have never cursed the king."
"Hail, thou who workest with thy will, who comest
forth from Tebu, I have never fouled the water."
"Hail, thou bearer of the sistrum, who comest forth
from Nu, I have not spoken scornfully."
"Hail, thou who makest mankind to flourish, who comest
forth from Sa, I have never cursed God."
"Flail, Neheb-ka, who comest forth from thy hiding
place, I have not stolen."
"Hail, Neheb-nefert, who comest forth from thy hiding
place, I have not defrauded the offerings of the gods."
"Hail, thou who dost set in order the head, who comest
forth from thy shrine, I have not plundered the offerings to the blessed dead."
"Hail, thou who bringest thy arm, who comest forth
from the city of Maati, I have not filched the food of the infant, neither have
I sinned against the god of my native town."
"Hail, thou whose teeth are white, why comest forth
from Ta-she, I have not slaughtered with evil intent the cattle of the god."
Appendix
The following version of the Negative Confession
is given in the Nebseni Papyrus (Naville, Todtenbuch, Bd. I., Bll. 134, 135),
showing important variations in the text and in the order in which the gods are
addressed.
"Hail, thou whose strides are long, who comest forth
from Annu, I have not done iniquity. Hail, thou who art embraced by flame, who comest
forth from Kher-aba, I have not robbed with violence. Hail Fenti who comest forth
from Khemennu, I have not made any to suffer pain. Hail, Devourer of Shades, who
comest forth from [thy] retreat, I have not robbed. Hail, thou whose limbs are terrible
to look upon, who comest forth from Restau, I have done no murder. Hail, thou god
who art in the form of two lions, who comest forth from heaven, I have not defrauded
offerings. Hail, thou god whose two eyes are of fire, who comest forth from Sekhem,
I have not done harm. Hail, Fiery god, who comest and goest, I have not robbed God.
Hail, Crusher of Bones, who comest forth from Suten-henen, I have told no lies.
Hail, thou who shootest thyself forth from the flame, who comest forth from Het-Ptah-ka,
I have not snatched away food. Hail, Qerti, who comest forth from Amentet, I have
not worked affliction. Hail, thou whose teeth are white, who comest forth from Ta-she,
I have not transgressed. Hail, Devourer of blood, who comest forth from the block,
I have not slaughtered the cattle which are set apart for the gods. Hail, Devourer
of the inward parts, who comest forth from Mabit, I have done no evil. Hail, lord
of Right and Truth, who comest forth from Maati, I have not laid waste the ploughed
lands. Hail, Strider, who comest forth from Bast, I have not been an eavesdropper.
Hail, Aaati, who comest forth from Annu, I have not set my lips in motion against
any man. Hail, thou god of two-fold evil, who comest forth from Ati, I have not
been angry without a cause. Hail, thou god who art in the likeness of a serpent,
who comest forth from the torture-chamber, I have not committed adultery with the
wife of any man. Hail, thou who regardest that which is brought before thee, who
comest forth from Pa-Amsu, I have not polluted myself Hail, thou mighty Chief, who
comest forth from the city of acacia trees, I have not caused terror. Hail, Khemi,
who comest forth from Kesui, I have not done that which is abominable. Hail, thou
who orderest speech, who comest forth from Urib, I have never uttered fiery words.
Hail, thou Babe, who comest forth from the Heq-at nome, I have not stopped my ears
against the words of Right and Truth. Hail, thou who orderest speech, who comest
forth from Unes, I have not stirred up strife. Hail, Bast, who comest forth from
the secret city, I have not caused [any] to weep. Hail, thou whose face is turned
behind thee, I have not lusted, nor have I committed fornication, nor have I done
any other abominable thing. Hail, Blazing feet, who comest forth from the darkness,
I have not avenged myself Hail, Kenemti, who comest forth from Kenemti, I have never
worked grief. Hail, thou who bringest thy offering, who comest forth from Sau, I
have not acted insolently. Hail, lord of faces, who comest forth from Tchefet, I
have never judged hastily. Hail, Sekheriu, who comest forth from Unth, I have not
transgressed, nor have I vexed or angered God. Hail, lord of the two horns, who
comest forth from Saui, I have not multiplied my speech overmuch. Hail, Nefer-Tmu,
who comest forth from Het-Ptah-ka, I have done no harm nor have I done evil. Hail,
Tmu in thine hour, who comest forth from Tattu, I have not worked treason. Hail,
thou who workest in thy heart, who comest forth from Tebtu, I have never befouled
the water. Hail, thou bearer of the sistrum, who comest forth from Nu, I have not
spoken scornfully. Hail, thou who dost make mankind to flourish, who comest forth
from thy hall, I have not cursed God. Hail, Neheb-nefert, who comest forth from
. . . . . . . I have not behaved myself with arrogance (?). Hail, Neheb-kau, who
comest forth from thy city, I have not been overweeningly proud. Hail, Tcheser-tep,
who comest forth from thy hiding place, I have never magnified my condition beyond
what was fitting. Hail, thou who bringest thine arm, who comest forth from Aukert,
I have never slighted the god in my town."
In the Nebseni papyrus (Naville, Todtenbuch,
Bd. I., Bll. 137, 138), the CXXVth Chapter ends as follows:--
"Homage to you, O ye gods, I know You, and I know
your names. Cast me not down to your knives of slaughter, and bring not my wickedness
into the presence of the god whom ye follow, and let not the time of my failings
come before you. I pray you, declare me right and true in the presence of the universal
God, because I have done that which is right and true in Ta-mera; I have not cursed
the god . . . . . . .
"Homage to you, O ye gods who live in your hall Of
Right and Truth, and who have no evil in your bodies, who feed on your own substance
in the presence of Horus who liveth in his disk, deliver ye me from Baabi, who feedeth
on the inwards of the mighty ones on the day of the great judgment which shall be
holden by you. I have come unto you; I have committed no faults; I have not sinned;
I have done no evil; I have accused no man falsely; therefore let nothing be done
against me. I live in right and truth, and I feed my heart upon right and truth.
That which men have bidden I have done, and the gods are satisfied thereat. I have
pacified the god, for I have done his will. I have given bread unto the hungry and
water unto those who thirst, clothing unto the naked, and a boat unto the shipwrecked
mariner. I have made holy offerings unto the gods; and I have given meals of the
tomb to the sainted dead. O, then, deliver ye me, and protect me; accuse me not
before the great god. I am pure of mouth, and I am pure of hands. May those who
see me say, 'Come in peace, come in peace.' For I have heard the speech which the
Ass held with the Cat in the House of Hept-re. I have borne witness before him [the
god] and he hath given judgment. I have beheld the dividing of the persea trees
within Re-stau. I offer up prayers in the presence of the gods, knowing that which
concerneth them. I have come forward to make a declaration of right and truth, and
to place the balance upon its supports within the groves of amaranth. Hail, thou
who art exalted upon thy resting place, thou lord of the atef crown, who
declarest thy name as the lord of the winds, deliver thou me from thine angels of
destruction, who make dire deeds to happen and calamities to arise, and who have
no covering upon their faces, because I have done right and truth, O thou Lord of
right and truth. I am pure, in my fore-parts have I been made clean, and in my hinder
parts have I been purified; my reins have been bathed in the Pool of right and truth,
and no member of my body was wanting. I have been purified in the pool of the south.
I have rested in Hemet, on the north of the field of the grasshoppers, wherein the
holy mariners do purify themselves in the night season, that they may pacify (?)
the heart of the gods after I have passed over it by night and by day. May the gods
say unto me, 'We let him come,' and they say unto me, 'Who art thou, and what is
thy name?' My name is 'I grew among the flowers, dwelling in the olive tree.' Then
shall they say unto me, 'Pass on straightway.' I have passed by the city on the
north of the groves, and the gods say, 'What didst thou see there?' [I saw] the
Leg and the Thigh. 'What hadst thou to do with them?' I saw rejoicings in the lands
of the Fenkhu. 'What did they give thee?' They gave me a flame of fire together
with a crystal tablet. 'What didst thou therewith?' I burned it at the place of
Maati together with the things of the night. 'What didst thou find there at the
place of Maati?' A sceptre of flint which maketh a man to prevail. 'What then is
[the name] of this sceptre of flint?' 'Giver of winds' is its name. 'What then didst
thou unto the flame of fire with the tablet of crystal after thou didst bury it?'
I uttered words over it, I made adjuration thereby, I quenched the fire, and I used
the tablet to create a pool of water. 'Come, then, pass through the door of this
Hall of two-fold Maati, for thou knowest us.' 'I will not let thee enter in over
me,' saith the bolt of the door, 'unless thou tell my name.' 'Weight of the place
of right and truth' is thy name. I will not let thee pass in by me,' saith the right
post of the door, 'unless thou tell my name.' 'Weigher of the labours of right and
truth' is thy name. 'I will not let thee enter in by me,' saith the left Post of
the door, 'unless thou tell my name.' 'judge of wine' (?) is thy name. 'I will not
let thee pass,' saith the threshold of the door, unless thou tell my name.' 'Ox
of Seb' is thy name. 'I will not open unto thee,' saith the bolt-socket of the door,
'unless thou tell my name.' 'Flesh of his mother' is thy name. I will not open unto
thee,' saith the lock of the door, 'unless thou tell my name.' The utchat
of Sebek, the Lord of Bakhan, liveth' is thy name. 'I will not open unto thee, and
I will not let thee pass over me,' saith the dweller at the door, 'unless thou tell
my name.' 'Arm of Shu that placeth itself to protect Osiris' is thy name. 'We will
not let thee pass by us,' say the posts of the door, 'unless thou tell our names.'
'Serpent children of Rennut' are your names. 'Thou knowest us, pass thou by us.'
'Thou shalt not tread upon me,' saith the floor of the hall, I unless thou tell
my name.' 'I am silent, I am pure.' 'I know not [the names of] thy two feet with
which thou wouldst walk upon me; tell them unto me.' '. . . . . before Amsu' is
the name of my right foot, 'Grief of Nephthys' is the name Of my left foot. 'Tread
thou upon me, for thou knowest me.' 'I will not question thee,' saith the warder
of the door of the hall, unless thou tell my name.' 'Discerner of hearts, searcher
of reins' is thy name. I will question thee now. Who is the god that liveth in his
hour? Say thou.' The teller of the two lands. 'Who then is the teller of the two
lands?' It is Thoth. 'Come then,' saith Thoth, 'come hither (?).' And I come forward
to the test. 'What, now, is thy condition?' I am pure from all evil, I am shielded
from the baleful acts of those who live in their days, and I am not among them.
'I have tried thee. Who is he that goeth down into the fire, the walls whereof are
[crowned] with ur, and whose paths are in the lake [of fire]?' He who passeth
through it is Osiris. 'Advance thou, in very truth thou hast been tested. Thy bread
is in the utchat, thine ale is in the utchat, and meals of the tomb
are brought forth unto thee upon earth from the utchat. This hath been decreed
for thee.'"
PLATE XXXII. (continued).
Vignette: The god Nu.
Text: The hair of Osiris Ani, triumphant, is the
hair of Nu.
Vignette: Ra, hawk-headed, and wearing a disk.
Text: The face of Osiris, the scribe Ani, is the
face of Ra.
Vignette: The goddess Hathor, wearing disk and
horns.
Text: The eyes of Osiris Ani, triumphant, are
the eyes of Hathor.
Vignette: The god Ap-uat and standard.
Text: The ears of Osiris Ani, triumphant, are
the ears of Ap-uat.
Vignette: The god Anpu, jackal-headed.
Text: The lips of Osiris Ani, triumphant, are
the lips of Anpu.
Vignette: The scorpion Serqet, holding the
shen, and ankh.
Text: The teeth of Osiris Ani, triumphant, are
the teeth of Serqet.
Vignette: The goddess Isis.
Text: The neck of Osiris Ani, triumphant, is the
neck of Isis.
Vignette: The ram-headed god, with urs between
the horns.
Text: The hands of Osiris Ani, triumphant, are
the hands of the Ram, the lord of Tattu.
Vignette: The god Uatchit, serpent-headed.
Text: The shoulder of Osiris Ani, triumphant,
is the shoulder of Uatchit.
Vignette: The goddess Mert, with outstretched
hands, standing upon the emblem of gold, and having on her head a cluster of plants.
Text: The throat of Osiris Ani, triumphant, is
the. blood of Mert.
Vignette: The goddess Neith.
Text: The fore-arms of Osiris Ani, triumphant,
are the fore-arms of the lady of Sais.
Vignette: The god Sut.
Text: The backbone of Osiris Ani, triumphant,
is the backbone of Sut.
Vignette: A god.
Text: The chest of Osiris Ani, triumphant, is
the chest of the lords of Kher-aba.
Vignette: A god.
Text: The flesh of Osiris Ani, triumphant, is
the flesh of the Mighty One of terror.
Vignette: The goddess Sekhet, lion-headed, wearing
a disk.
Text: The reins and back of Osiris Ani, triumphant,
are the reins and back of Sekhet.
Vignette: An utchat upon a pylon.
Text: The buttocks of Osiris Ani, triumphant,
are the buttocks of the Eye of Horus.
Vignette: Osiris, wearing the atef crown and holding
the flail and crook.
Text: The privy member of Osiris Ani, triumphant,
is the privy member of Osiris.
Vignette: The goddess Nut.
Text: The legs of Osiris Ani, triumphant, are
the legs of Nut.
Vignette: The god Ptah.
Text: The feet of Osiris Ani, triumphant, are
the feet of Ptah.
Vignette: The star Orion.
Text: (20) The fingers of Osiris Ani, triumphant,
are the fingers of Saah (Orion).
Vignette: Three Ur.
Text: The leg-bones of Osiris Ani, triumphant,
are the leg-bones of the living ur.
Appendix: The complete version of the XLIInd Chapter
of the Book of the Dead, referring to the identification of the body of Osiris with
those of the gods, reads as follows[1]:--
[CHAPTER XLII.] THE CHAPTER OF DRIVING BACK SLAUGHTER
IN SUTENHENEN. Saith Osiris: "O land of the sceptre! O white crown of the divine
Form! O holy resting place! I am the Child. I am the Child. I am the Child. I am
the Child. Hail, thou goddess Aburt! Thou sayest daily, 'The slaughter block is
made ready as thou knowest, and thou who wert mighty hast been brought to decay.'
I establish those who praise me. I am the holy knot within the tamarisk tree, more
beautiful in brightness than yesterday." To be said four times. I am Ra who establish
those who praise him. I am the knot within the tamarisk tree, more beautiful in
brightness than the disk of yesterday. . . . . . . going forth on this. day. My
hair is the hair of Nu. My face is the face of Ra. Mine eyes are the eyes of Hathor.
Mine ears are the ears of Ap-uat. My nose is the nose of Khent-sheps. My lips are
the lips of Anpu. My teeth are the teeth of Khepera. My neck is the neck of Isis,
the divine lady. My hands are the hands of Khnemu, the lord of Tattu. My fore-arms
are the fore-arms of Neith, the lady of Sa. My backbone is the backbone of Sut.
My privy member is the privy member of Osiris. My reins are the reins of the lords
of Kher-aba. My breast is the breast of the awful and terrible One. My belly and
my backbone are the belly and backbone of Sekhet. My buttocks are the buttocks of
the eye of Horus. My hips and thighs are the hips and thighs of Nut. My feet are
the feet of Ptah. My fingers and leg-bones arc the fingers and leg-bones of the
living ur. There is no member of my body which is not the member of some god.
Thoth shieldeth my body altogether, and I am [like] unto Ra every day. None shall
seize me by mine arms; none shall drag me away by my hand. And there shall do me
hurt neither men, nor gods, nor sainted dead, nor they who have perished, nor any
one of those of olden times, nor any mortal, nor human being. I come forth and advance,
and my name is unknown. I am yesterday, and my name is 'Seer of millions of years.'
I travel, I travel along the path of Horus the judge. I am the lord of eternity;
I feel and I have power to perceive. I am the lord of the red crown. I am the Sun's
eye, yea, I am in my egg, in my egg. It is granted unto me to live therewith. I
am in the Sun's eye, when it closeth, and I live by the strength thereof I come
forth and I shine; I enter in and I come to life. I am in the Sun's eye, my seat
is on my throne, and I sit thereon within the eye. I am Horus who pass through millions
of years. I have governed my throne and I rule it by the words of my mouth; and
whether [I] speak or whether [I] keep silence, I keep the balance even. Verily my
forms are changed. I am the god Unen, from season unto season; what is mine is within
me. I am the only One born of an only One, who goeth round about in his course;
I am within the eye of the Sun. Things are not evil nor hostile unto me, nor are
they against me. I open the door of heaven. I govern my throne, and I give [new]
birth to myself on this day. [I am] not the Child who trod the path of yesterday,
but I am 'To-day' for untold nations. It is I who make you strong for millions of
years, whether ye be in the heaven, or in the earth, or in the south, or in the
north, or in the west or in the east; fear of me is in your hearts. I am the pure
one who dwell within the sacred eye. I shall not die again. My hour resteth with
you, but my forms are within my dwelling-place. I am he who is unknown, and the
gods with rose-bright countenances are with me. I am the unveiled one. The season
wherein [the god] created heaven for me and enlarged the bounds of the earth and
made great the progeny thereof cannot be found Out. My name setteth itself apart
and removeth from all evil things through the words which I speak unto you. I am
he who riseth and shineth; the wall of walls; the only One, [son] of an only One.
Ra never lacketh his form, he never passeth away, he never passeth away. Verily,
I say: I am the plant which cometh forth from Nu, and my mother is Nut. Hail, O
my Creator, I am he who hath no power to walk, the great knot within yesterday.
My power is in my hand. I am not known, [but] I am he who knoweth thee. I cannot
be held with the hand, but I am he who can hold thee in his hand. [Hail] O Egg!
[Hail] O Egg! I am Horns who live for millions of years, whose flame lighteth upon
your faces and blazeth in your hearts. I have the command of my throne, and I advance
in mine hour. I have opened the paths, I have turned myself away from all evil.
I am the ape of gold, three palms and two fingers [high], which is without legs
and without arms, and which dwelleth in the House of Ptah. I go forth even as goeth
forth the ape Of gold three palms and two fingers [high], which hath neither legs
nor arms, and which dw